Cov iav kho qhov muag yog ib hom iav tshwj xeeb, uas yog ib qho ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov cuab yeej kho qhov muag. Nws muaj cov khoom zoo kho qhov muag thiab cov khoom siv lub cev thiab tshuaj tshwj xeeb, thiab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv ntau yam kev siv kho qhov muag.

Cov iav kho qhov muag yog dab tsi?

Cov iav kho qhov muag muaj peev xwm muab faib ua ntau hom raws li cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom siv. Nov yog ob peb hom iav kho qhov muag uas siv ntau:

1. Silicate iav

Silicate iav yog hom iav kho qhov muag feem ntau, thiab nws cov khoom tseem ceeb yog silicate, uas yog silicon dioxide, feem ntau muaj cov khoom xws li boron oxide, sodium oxide, thiab magnesium oxide.

2. Cov iav txhuas

Cov iav txhuas yog hais txog cov iav kho qhov muag nrog qee qhov feem pua ​​ntawm cov hlau txhuas oxide ntxiv, uas muaj cov ntsuas refractive siab thiab qhov ceev thiab feem ntau siv rau hauv cov cuab yeej kho qhov muag xws li telescopes thiab microscopes.

3. Borosilicate iav

Borosilicate iav feem ntau yog ntxiv nrog boron oxide, uas muaj qhov ntsuas siab refractive thiab kev ua haujlwm dispersion qis, thiab feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev tsim cov lens thiab prisms.

Cov hom iav kho qhov muag

4. Quartz iav

Lub ntsiab tivthaiv ntawm cov iav quartz kuj yog silicon dioxide, uas muaj cov khoom siv kho qhov muag zoo heev thiab kev ruaj khov tshuaj lom neeg, thiab tam sim no siv dav hauv cov khoom siv kho qhov muag thiab cov twj paj nruag.

5. Lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj iav

Cov iav av tsis tshua muaj yog cov iav kho qhov muag uas ua los ntawm kev ntxiv cov khoom av tsis tshua muaj, uas tuaj yeem kho cov khoom kho qhov muag thiab feem ntau siv rau hauv kev tsim cov teb high-tech xws li lasers.

Qhov sib txawv ntawm iav kho qhov muag thiab iav zoo tib yam

Piv rau cov iav ib txwm, cov iav kho qhov muag zoo dua thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo dua hauv kev ua kom huv ntawm cov khoom, cov txheej txheem npaj, kev ua haujlwm kho qhov muag, thiab lwm yam. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb yog:

Qhov tuab thiab qhov hnyav

Feem ntau cov iav kho qhov muag muaj qhov tuab me dua thiab qhov hnyav sib dua, ua rau nws tsim nyog rau kev tsim cov khoom siv kho qhov muag kom raug. Cov iav ib txwm tuaj yeem ua kom tuab dua thiab hnyav dua vim muaj ntau yam kev siv sib txawv.

Cheebtsam

Cov iav kho qhov muag muaj cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke ntau dua thiab tswj tau zoo, feem ntau yog siv cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb thiab cov khoom siv raw uas muaj cov khoom huv si kom ua tiav cov khoom kho qhov muag uas xav tau. Cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov iav zoo tib yam yooj yim dua, feem ntau yog ua los ntawm silicates thiab lwm yam khoom tsis huv.

Cov khoom sib xyaw ntawm cov iav ib txwm muaj

Cov txheej txheem npaj

Cov iav kho qhov muag xav tau cov txheej txheem npaj meej, feem ntau siv cov txheej txheem xws li kev yaj kub siab, kev kho cua sov hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev, thiab kev tswj hwm txias kom meej kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kev ua haujlwm kho qhov muag ruaj khov thiab raug. Cov iav ib txwm feem ntau siv cov txheej txheem npaj iav ib txwm muaj, thiab tus nqi tsim khoom qis heev.

Kev ua tau zoo ntawm qhov muag

Cov iav kho qhov muag muaj cov yam ntxwv xws li qhov ntsuas refractive siab dua, kev sib kis me dua, thiab kev nqus lub teeb qis dua, thiab nws qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm qhov muag zoo heev. Yog li ntawd, cov iav kho qhov muag tuaj yeem siv dav hauv cov khoom siv kho qhov muag xws li cov iav lo ntsiab muag, cov prisms, thiab cov lim dej kho qhov muag rau cov kab ke kho qhov muag meej.

Txawm li cas los xij, cov iav zoo tib yam muaj kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo thiab feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov teb xws li cov thawv zoo tib yam thiab cov ntaub ntawv tsim kho.