Kho qhov muag iav yog ib hom tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv iav, uas yog ib qho ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau kev tsim khoom siv kho qhov muag. Nws muaj cov khoom kho qhov muag zoo thiab cov khoom siv lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg, thiab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv ntau yam kev siv kho qhov muag.

Dab tsi yog hom iav optical?

Kho qhov muag iav tuaj yeem muab faib ua ntau hom raws li kev siv tshwj xeeb thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom siv. Nov yog ob peb hom ntawm optical iav:

1. Silicate iav

Silicate iav yog hom iav kho qhov muag feem ntau, thiab nws cov khoom tseem ceeb yog silicate, uas yog silicon dioxide, feem ntau muaj cov khoom xws li boron oxide, sodium oxide, thiab magnesium oxide.

2. Lead iav

Lead iav hais txog cov iav kho qhov muag nrog qee feem ntawm cov hlau lead oxide ntxiv, uas muaj qhov ntsuas siab siab thiab qhov ntom ntom thiab feem ntau siv hauv cov cuab yeej kho qhov muag xws li telescopes thiab microscopes.

3. Borosilicate iav

Borosilicate iav feem ntau yog ntxiv nrog boron oxide, uas muaj qhov ntsuas siab refractive thiab kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo, thiab feem ntau siv rau hauv kev tsim cov lo ntsiab muag thiab prisms.

Hom iav optical

4. Quartz iav

Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm quartz iav kuj yog silicon dioxide, uas muaj cov khoom siv kho qhov muag zoo thiab tshuaj lom neeg ruaj khov, thiab tam sim no tau siv dav hauv cov khoom siv kho qhov muag thiab cov cuab yeej siv.

5. Rare earth iav

Lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj iav yog lub iav kho qhov muag ua los ntawm kev ntxiv cov ntsiab lus tsis tshua muaj hauv ntiaj teb, uas tuaj yeem kho cov khoom siv kho qhov muag thiab feem ntau siv hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv high-tech xws li lasers.

Qhov txawv ntawm optical iav thiab iav zoo tib yam

Piv nrog rau cov iav zoo tib yam, cov iav kho qhov muag yog qhov zoo dua qub thiab cov kws tshaj lij nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov khoom siv purity, kev npaj, kev ua haujlwm kho qhov muag, thiab lwm yam. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb yog:

Thickness thiab hnyav

Optical iav feem ntau muaj me me thickness thiab sib zog, ua rau nws tsim nyog rau kev tsim cov khoom siv kho qhov muag precision. Ordinary iav tuaj yeem ua kom tuab dua thiab hnyav dua vim muaj cov ntawv thov sib txawv.

Cheebtsam

Kho qhov muag iav yog ntau ntshiab nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab finely tswj, feem ntau yog npaj siv cov tshuaj formula thiab high-purity raw cov ntaub ntawv kom ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau kho qhov muag khoom. Cov iav zoo tib yam yog qhov yooj yim dua, feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm silicates thiab lwm yam impurities.

Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov iav zoo tib yam

Kev npaj

Cov iav kho qhov muag xav tau cov txheej txheem kev npaj ua tiav, feem ntau yog siv cov txheej txheem xws li kub-kub melting, nqus cua sov kho, thiab tswj cov cua txias kom ntseeg tau tias qhov ruaj khov thiab qhov tseeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm kho qhov muag. Ordinary iav feem ntau tau txais cov txheej txheem kev npaj iav, thiab cov nqi tsim khoom kuj tsawg.

Optical kev ua tau zoo

Kho qhov muag iav muaj cov yam ntxwv xws li siab dua refractive index, me me dispersion, thiab qis dua lub teeb absorption, thiab nws cov optical kev ua tau zoo kuj zoo heev. Yog li, cov iav kho qhov muag tuaj yeem siv dav hauv cov khoom siv kho qhov muag xws li lo ntsiab muag, prisms, thiab cov ntxaij lim dej kho qhov muag rau cov tshuab kho qhov muag.

Txawm li cas los xij, cov iav zoo tib yam muaj qhov ua tau zoo kho qhov muag tsis zoo thiab feem ntau yog siv rau hauv thaj chaw xws li cov thawv ntim thiab cov khoom siv hauv tsev.