Ib, Lub sijhawm ntawm lub koob yees duab davhlau yog dab tsi?

Lub koob yees duab Time-of-flight (ToF) yog ib hom kev ntsuas qhov tob uas ntsuas qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lub koob yees duab thiab cov khoom hauv qhov chaw los ntawm kev siv lub sijhawm nws siv lub teeb mus rau cov khoom thiab rov qab mus rau lub koob yees duab. Lawv feem ntau siv rau hauv ntau yam kev siv xws li kev muaj tiag, neeg hlau, 3D scanning, paub piav tes piav taw, thiab ntau dua.

ToF koob yees duabua hauj lwm los ntawm emitting lub teeb liab, feem ntau infrared teeb, thiab ntsuas lub sij hawm nws yuav siv sij hawm rau lub teeb liab thaws rov qab tom qab ntaus cov khoom nyob rau hauv lub scene. Kev ntsuas lub sij hawm no yog siv los xam qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov khoom, tsim ib daim ntawv qhia qhov tob lossis 3D sawv cev ntawm qhov chaw.

Lub sijhawm ntawm lub koob yees duab ya davhlau

Piv nrog rau lwm cov thev naus laus zis hauv qhov tob xws li teeb pom kev zoo lossis lub suab tso suab, ToF cov koob yees duab muaj ntau qhov zoo. Lawv muab cov ntaub ntawv tob tob hauv lub sijhawm, muaj tus qauv tsim yooj yim, thiab tuaj yeem ua haujlwm hauv ntau yam teeb pom kev zoo. ToF cov koob yees duab kuj tseem compact thiab tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv cov khoom siv me me xws li smartphones, ntsiav tshuaj, thiab cov khoom siv hnav.

Cov ntawv thov ntawm ToF koob yees duab muaj ntau haiv neeg. Hauv kev muaj tiag, ToF cov koob yees duab tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas qhov tob ntawm cov khoom thiab txhim kho qhov tseeb ntawm cov khoom virtual tso rau hauv lub ntiaj teb tiag. Hauv cov neeg hlau, lawv ua rau cov neeg hlau pom lawv qhov chaw nyob ib puag ncig thiab taug kev cov nyom zoo dua. Hauv 3D scanning, ToF cov koob yees duab tuaj yeem ntes cov duab geometry ntawm cov khoom lossis ib puag ncig rau ntau lub hom phiaj xws li kev muaj tiag virtual, kev ua si, lossis 3D luam ntawv. Lawv kuj tau siv rau hauv cov ntawv siv biometric, xws li kev paub lub ntsej muag lossis kev paub txog tes taw.

二,Cheebtsam ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm cov koob yees duab davhlau

Lub sij hawm-ntawm-flight (ToF) koob yees duabmuaj ob peb yam tseem ceeb uas ua haujlwm ua ke los pab kom pom qhov tob thiab ntsuas qhov deb. Cov khoom tshwj xeeb yuav txawv nyob ntawm tus tsim thiab cov chaw tsim khoom, tab sis ntawm no yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb feem ntau pom hauv ToF lub koob yees duab tshuab:

Lub teeb Source:

ToF cov koob yees duab siv lub teeb ci los tawm lub teeb liab, feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm infrared (IR) lub teeb. Lub teeb ci tuaj yeem yog LED (Light-Emitting Diode) lossis laser diode, nyob ntawm lub koob yees duab tsim. Lub teeb emission mus rau cov khoom hauv qhov chaw.

Optics:

Lub lens sib sau ua ke cov teeb pom kev zoo thiab cov duab ib puag ncig mus rau cov duab sensor (focal plane array). Ib qho optical band-pass lim tsuas yog hla lub teeb nrog tib lub wavelength raws li lub teeb pom kev zoo. Qhov no yuav pab txo qis lub teeb tsis cuam tshuam thiab txo cov suab nrov.

Duab sensor:

Qhov no yog lub plawv ntawm TOF lub koob yees duab. Txhua pixel ntsuas lub sij hawm lub teeb tau coj mus los ntawm lub illumination chav tsev (laser los yog LED) mus rau cov khoom thiab rov qab mus rau lub focal dav hlau array.

Lub sijhawm Circuitry:

Txhawm rau ntsuas lub sij hawm ntawm lub davhlau kom raug, lub koob yees duab xav tau lub sij hawm luv luv. Lub circuitry no tswj cov emission ntawm lub teeb teeb liab thiab ntes lub sij hawm nws yuav siv sij hawm rau lub teeb mus rau cov khoom thiab rov qab mus rau lub koob yees duab. Nws synchronizes emissions thiab nrhiav kom tau cov txheej txheem los xyuas kom meej qhov kev ntsuas deb.

Modulation:

Ib txhiaToF koob yees duabmuab cov txheej txheem modulation los txhim kho qhov tseeb thiab ruaj khov ntawm kev ntsuas qhov deb. Cov koob yees duab no hloov kho lub teeb liab teeb liab nrog rau cov qauv tshwj xeeb lossis zaus. Cov kev hloov pauv yuav pab kom paub qhov txawv ntawm lub teeb tawm los ntawm lwm qhov chaw teeb pom kev zoo thiab txhim kho lub koob yees duab lub peev xwm los sib txawv ntawm cov khoom sib txawv hauv qhov chaw.

Depth Calculation Algorithm:

Txhawm rau hloov lub sijhawm ntawm kev ntsuas lub davhlau mus rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv tob, ToF cov koob yees duab siv cov algorithms sophisticated. Cov algorithms no tsom xam cov sij hawm cov ntaub ntawv tau txais los ntawm photodetector thiab xam qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lub koob yees duab thiab cov khoom nyob rau hauv lub scene. Qhov kev xam qhov tob ntawm cov algorithms feem ntau suav nrog kev them nyiaj rau yam xws li lub teeb nthuav tawm ceev, lub sijhawm teb sensor, thiab teeb pom kev cuam tshuam ambient.

Depth Data Output:

Thaum qhov kev ntsuas qhov tob tau ua tiav, ToF lub koob yees duab muab cov ntaub ntawv tawm qhov tob. Qhov kev tso zis no tuaj yeem siv daim ntawv qhia qhov tob, qhov taw tes huab, lossis 3D sawv cev ntawm qhov chaw. Cov ntaub ntawv tob tuaj yeem siv los ntawm cov ntawv thov thiab cov tshuab los ua kom muaj ntau yam haujlwm xws li kev taug qab cov khoom, kev muaj tiag, lossis kev siv neeg hlau.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias qhov kev siv tshwj xeeb thiab cov khoom siv ntawm ToF lub koob yees duab tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm cov tuam ntxhab thiab cov qauv sib txawv. Kev nce qib hauv thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem qhia cov yam ntxwv ntxiv thiab kev txhim kho kom txhim kho kev ua tau zoo thiab muaj peev xwm ntawm ToF lub koob yees duab tshuab.

︉ 、 Daim ntawv thov

Automotive applications

Sijhawm-ntawm-flight koob yees duabyog siv rau hauv kev pab thiab kev nyab xeeb kev ua haujlwm rau kev siv tsheb loj xws li kev nyab xeeb rau cov neeg taug kev, kev tshawb nrhiav ua ntej thiab cov ntawv thov sab hauv xws li kev tshawb nrhiav tawm ntawm txoj hauj lwm (OOP).

Daim ntawv thov ntawm ToF koob yees duab

Tib neeg-tshuab interfaces thiab gaming

As koob yees duab time-of-flightmuab cov duab nyob deb ntawm lub sijhawm, nws yooj yim los taug qab kev txav ntawm tib neeg. Qhov no tso cai rau kev sib cuam tshuam tshiab nrog cov neeg siv khoom siv xws li TV. Lwm lub ntsiab lus yog siv hom koob yees duab no los cuam tshuam nrog kev ua si hauv video game consoles.Qhov thib ob-tiam Kinect sensor pib nrog Xbox Ib lub console siv lub koob yees duab lub sij hawm-ntawm-lub davhlau rau nws cov duab ntau yam, ua kom cov neeg siv kev sib cuam tshuam thiab kev ua si. daim ntawv thov siv computer visions thiab gesture recognition techniques.

Muaj tswv yim thiab Intel kuj muab ib yam zoo sib xws ntawm kev sib tham piav tes piav taw lub sij hawm ntawm-flight lub koob yees duab rau gaming, lub Senz3D raws li lub DepthSense 325 lub koob yees duab ntawm Softkinetic. Infineon thiab PMD Technologies pab kom me me 3D sib sib zog nqus koob yees duab rau ze-ntau yam taw kev tswj cov neeg siv khoom xws li all-in-one PCs thiab laptops (Picco flexx thiab Picco monstar koob yees duab).

Daim ntawv thov ntawm ToF koob yees duab hauv kev ua si

Smartphone koob yees duab

Ob peb lub xov tooj smartphones suav nrog lub koob yees duab lub sijhawm ya davhlau. Cov no tsuas yog siv los txhim kho cov duab zoo los ntawm kev muab lub koob yees duab software nrog cov ntaub ntawv hais txog lub hauv ntej thiab keeb kwm yav dhau. Thawj lub xov tooj ntawm tes los siv cov thev naus laus zis no yog LG G3, tso tawm thaum ntxov 2014.

Daim ntawv thov ntawm ToF koob yees duab hauv xov tooj ntawm tes

Kev ntsuas thiab tshuab pom

Lwm daim ntawv thov yog kev ntsuas kev ua haujlwm, xws li kev sau qhov siab hauv silos. Hauv kev lag luam tshuab tsis pom kev, lub koob yees duab lub sij hawm ntawm lub davhlau yuav pab cais thiab nrhiav cov khoom siv los ntawm cov neeg hlau, xws li cov khoom hla ntawm lub conveyor. Cov tswj qhov rooj tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv yooj yim ntawm cov tsiaj thiab tib neeg mus txog lub qhov rooj.

Robotics

Lwm qhov kev siv ntawm cov koob yees duab no yog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov neeg hlau: Cov neeg hlau txawb tuaj yeem tsim daim duab qhia ntawm lawv qhov chaw nyob ib puag ncig sai heev, ua rau lawv tsis txhob muaj kev cuam tshuam lossis ua raws li tus thawj coj. Raws li kev xam qhov deb yog qhov yooj yim, tsuas yog siv lub zog me me xwb. Txij li cov koob yees duab no tseem tuaj yeem siv los ntsuas qhov deb, pab pawg rau FIRST Robotics Sib Tw tau paub tias siv cov cuab yeej siv rau kev ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua.

Lub ntiaj teb topography

ToF koob yees duabtau siv kom tau txais cov qauv kev nce qib digital ntawm lub ntiaj teb saum npoo av, rau kev kawm hauv geomorphology.

Daim ntawv thov ntawm ToF koob yees duab hauv geomorphology