Kev txhim kho thiab kev siv cov optics tau pab cov tshuaj niaj hnub thiab kev tshawb fawb txog lub neej nkag mus rau theem ntawm kev txhim kho sai, xws li kev phais mob tsawg kawg nkaus, kev kho mob laser, kev kuaj mob, kev tshawb fawb txog tsiaj txhu, kev tshuaj xyuas DNA, thiab lwm yam.

Kev Phais Mob thiab Pharmacokinetics

Lub luag haujlwm ntawm optics hauv kev phais thiab pharmacokinetics feem ntau yog pom tseeb hauv ob qho: laser thiab hauv vivo illumination thiab imaging.

1. Daim ntawv thov ntawm laser ua lub zog qhov chaw

Lub tswv yim ntawm kev kho mob laser tau qhia rau hauv kev phais qhov muag xyoo 1960. Thaum ntau hom lasers thiab lawv cov khoom tau lees paub, kev kho mob laser tau nthuav dav sai sai rau lwm qhov chaw.

Cov teeb pom kev laser sib txawv (roj, khoom, thiab lwm yam) tuaj yeem tso tawm cov lasers pulsed (Pulsed Lasers) thiab cov lasers txuas ntxiv (Ntxaws tas mus li), uas muaj cov teebmeem sib txawv rau cov nqaij sib txawv ntawm lub cev tib neeg. Cov teeb pom kev no feem ntau suav nrog: pulsed ruby ​​​​laser (Pulsed ruby ​​​​laser); txuas ntxiv argon ion laser (CW argon ion laser); txuas ntxiv carbon dioxide laser (CW CO2); yttrium txhuas garnet (Nd: YAG) laser. Vim tias cov pa roj carbon dioxide laser txuas ntxiv thiab yttrium txhuas garnet laser muaj cov nyhuv ntshav coagulation thaum txiav cov nqaij tib neeg, lawv feem ntau siv dav hauv kev phais dav dav.

Qhov wavelength ntawm cov lasers siv rau hauv kev kho mob feem ntau yog ntau dua 100 nm. Kev nqus ntawm cov lasers ntawm cov wavelengths sib txawv hauv cov nqaij sib txawv ntawm lub cev tib neeg yog siv los nthuav nws cov ntawv thov kho mob. Piv txwv li, thaum qhov wavelength ntawm lub laser yog ntau dua 1um, dej yog lub ntsiab absorber. Cov lasers tsis tsuas yog tsim cov teebmeem thermal hauv tib neeg cov nqaij nqus rau kev txiav phais thiab coagulation, tab sis kuj tsim cov teebmeem mechanical.

Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tom qab tib neeg tau tshawb pom cov teebmeem kho tshuab tsis sib xws ntawm lasers, xws li kev tsim cov npuas cavitation thiab cov nthwv dej siab, lasers tau siv rau cov txheej txheem photodisruption, xws li kev phais mob cataract thiab kev phais mob pob zeb raum. Lasers kuj tseem tuaj yeem tsim cov teebmeem photochemical los coj cov tshuaj mob qog noj ntshav nrog cov neeg sawv cev photosensitive los tso cov teebmeem tshuaj rau ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg tshwj xeeb, xws li kev kho mob PDT. Laser ua ke nrog pharmacokinetics ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb heev hauv kev kho mob precision.

2. Kev siv lub teeb ua ib qho cuab yeej rau kev teeb pom kev zoo thiab kev thaij duab hauv lub cev

Txij li xyoo 1990, CCD (Charge-CoupledLub koob yees duab) tau muab tso rau hauv kev phais mob tsawg kawg nkaus (Minimally Invasive Therapy, MIT), thiab optics tau muaj kev hloov pauv zoo hauv kev siv phais. Cov teebmeem duab ntawm lub teeb hauv kev phais mob tsawg kawg nkaus thiab qhib feem ntau suav nrog endoscopes, micro-imaging systems, thiab kev phais mob holographic.

Yooj yim hloov pauvEndoscope, suav nrog gastroenteroscope, duodenoscope, colonoscope, angioscope, thiab lwm yam.

Txoj kev pom ntawm lub endoscope

Txoj kev pom ntawm lub endoscope suav nrog ob lub kaw lus ywj pheej thiab sib koom tes ntawm kev teeb pom kev zoo thiab kev thaij duab.

RigidEndoscope, suav nrog arthroscopy, laparoscopy, thoracoscopy, ventriculoscopy, hysteroscopy, cystoscopy, otolinoscopy, thiab lwm yam.

Feem ntau cov endoscopes ruaj khov tsuas muaj ntau lub kaum sab xis kho qhov muag kom xaiv, xws li 30 degrees, 45 degrees, 60 degrees, thiab lwm yam.

Lub koob yees duab me me ntawm lub cev yog ib lub cuab yeej thaij duab raws li lub platform thev naus laus zis CMOS thiab CCD me me. Piv txwv li, lub capsule endoscope,PillCam. Nws tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv lub cev zom zaub mov ntawm tib neeg lub cev kom kuaj xyuas seb puas muaj qhov txhab thiab saib xyuas cov teebmeem ntawm cov tshuaj.

Lub capsule endoscope

Lub tshuab kuaj mob holographic, ib lub cuab yeej siv los saib cov duab 3D ntawm cov nqaij mos hauv kev phais mob kom raug, xws li kev phais hlwb rau kev phais lub taub hau.

Lub tshuab kuaj mob holographic microscope

Sau luv luv:

1. Vim yog qhov cuam tshuam thermal, cov khoom siv kho tshuab, cov teebmeem photosensitivity thiab lwm yam teebmeem ntawm lub cev ntawm lub laser, nws yog dav siv ua lub zog hauv kev phais mob tsawg kawg nkaus, kev kho mob tsis-invasive thiab kev kho mob tshuaj.

2. Vim yog kev txhim kho ntawm cov thev naus laus zis thaij duab, cov khoom siv kho mob kho qhov muag tau ua tiav zoo heev hauv kev coj ua kom muaj kev daws teeb meem siab thiab me me, tso lub hauv paus rau kev phais mob tsawg kawg nkaus thiab raug hauv vivo. Tam sim no, cov khoom siv kho mob feem ntau siv suav nrogcov cuab yeej endoscope, cov duab holographic thiab cov tshuab micro-imaging.