Ib, Feem ntau siv sub-division tswvyim ntawm infrared

Ib qho kev siv sub-division scheme ntawm infrared (IR) hluav taws xob yog nyob ntawm qhov ntau ntawm lub wavelength. IR spectrum feem ntau muab faib ua cov cheeb tsam hauv qab no:

Ze-infrared (NIR):Cov cheeb tsam no nyob ntawm kwv yees li 700 nanometers (nm) mus rau 1.4 micrometers (μm) hauv wavelength. NIR hluav taws xob feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv tej thaj chaw deb sensing, fiber optic telecommunication vim tsis tshua muaj attenuation poob nyob rau hauv lub SiO2 iav (silica) nruab nrab. Duab intensifiers rhiab heev rau thaj tsam ntawm spectrum; piv txwv suav nrog cov cuab yeej pom kev hmo ntuj xws li hmo ntuj pom kev tsom iav. Ze-infrared spectroscopy yog lwm daim ntawv thov.

Luv wavelength infrared (SWIR):Kuj tseem hu ua "shortwave infrared" lossis "SWIR" cheeb tsam, nws txuas ntxiv los ntawm 1.4 μm mus rau 3 μm. SWIR hluav taws xob feem ntau yog siv rau hauv daim duab, kev soj ntsuam, thiab kev siv spectroscopy.

Nruab nrab wavelength infrared (MWIR):Lub cheeb tsam MWIR ncua los ntawm kwv yees li 3 μm mus rau 8 μm. Qhov ntau yam no feem ntau ua haujlwm hauv thermal imaging, tub rog lub hom phiaj, thiab gas detection systems.

Ntev wavelength infrared (LWIR):Lub cheeb tsam LWIR npog wavelengths ntawm ib ncig ntawm 8 μm mus rau 15 μm. Nws yog feem ntau siv hauv thermal imaging, hmo ntuj pom kev, thiab ntsuas kub tsis sib cuag.

Far-infrared (FIR):Cov cheeb tsam no txuas ntxiv los ntawm kwv yees li 15 μm mus rau 1 millimeter (mm) hauv wavelength. FIR hluav taws xob feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv astronomy, chaw taws teeb sensing, thiab qee yam kev siv kho mob.

Wavelength kab kos duab

NIR thiab SWIR ua ke qee zaum hu ua "reflected infrared", whereas MWIR thiab LWIR qee zaum hu ua "thermal infrared".

、 Kev siv ntawm infrared

Hmo pom kev

Infrared (IR) ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov cuab yeej pom kev hmo ntuj, ua kom pom thiab pom cov khoom hauv qhov chaw qis lossis tsaus ntuj. Ib txwm siv cov duab ua kom pom kev pom kev hmo ntuj, xws li cov tsom iav hmo ntuj lossis cov tsom iav, ua kom pom cov teeb pom kev zoo, suav nrog IR hluav taws xob tam sim no. Cov khoom siv no siv photocathode los hloov cov photons tuaj, suav nrog IR photons, rau hauv electrons. Tom qab ntawd cov electrons tau nrawm dua thiab nthuav dav los tsim cov duab pom. Infrared illuminators, uas emit IR teeb, feem ntau muab tso rau hauv cov cuab yeej no los txhim khu kev pom nyob rau hauv tag nrho tsaus ntuj los yog low-light tej yam kev mob uas ambient IR hluav taws xob tsis txaus.

Tsawg lub teeb ib puag ncig

Thermography

Cov hluav taws xob infrared tuaj yeem siv los txiav txim siab qhov kub ntawm cov khoom (yog tias paub qhov emissivity). Qhov no yog hu ua thermography, los yog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov khoom kub heev nyob rau hauv NIR los yog pom nws yog hu ua pyrometry. Thermography (thermal imaging) feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev ua tub rog thiab kev siv tshuab, tiam sis cov thev naus laus zis tau mus txog rau pej xeem kev lag luam hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub koob yees duab infrared ntawm lub tsheb vim txo cov nqi ntau lawm.

Cov kev siv thermal imaging

Cov hluav taws xob infrared tuaj yeem siv los txiav txim siab qhov kub ntawm cov khoom (yog tias paub qhov emissivity). Qhov no yog hu ua thermography, los yog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov khoom kub heev nyob rau hauv NIR los yog pom nws yog hu ua pyrometry. Thermography (thermal imaging) feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev ua tub rog thiab kev siv tshuab, tiam sis cov thev naus laus zis tau mus txog rau pej xeem kev lag luam hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub koob yees duab infrared ntawm lub tsheb vim txo cov nqi ntau lawm.

Thermographic koob yees duab ntes hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv infrared ntau ntawm cov electromagnetic spectrum (kwv yees li 9,000-14,000 nanometers los yog 9-14 μm) thiab tsim cov duab ntawm cov hluav taws xob. Txij li cov hluav taws xob infrared raug tso tawm los ntawm txhua yam khoom raws li lawv qhov kub thiab txias, raws li txoj cai dub-lub cev hluav taws xob, thermography ua rau nws tuaj yeem "pom" ib puag ncig nrog lossis tsis pom qhov pom. Tus nqi hluav taws xob tawm los ntawm ib qho khoom nce nrog qhov kub thiab txias, yog li thermography tso cai rau ib tus neeg pom qhov txawv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.

Hyperspectral duab

Ib daim duab hyperspectral yog "daim duab" uas muaj cov spectrum txuas ntxiv los ntawm ntau qhov spectral ntawm txhua pixel. Hyperspectral imaging tau txais qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev siv spectroscopy tshwj xeeb nrog NIR, SWIR, MWIR, thiab LWIR spectral cheeb tsam. Cov ntawv thov muaj xws li lom neeg, mineralogical, tiv thaiv, thiab kev ntsuas kev lag luam.

Cov duab hyperspectral

Thermal infrared hyperspectral imaging tuaj yeem ua tau zoo ib yam siv lub koob yees duab thermographic, nrog rau qhov sib txawv uas txhua pixel muaj tag nrho LWIR spectrum. Yog li ntawd, kev txheeb xyuas tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov khoom tuaj yeem ua tau yam tsis tas yuav tsum muaj lub teeb pom kev sab nraud xws li Lub Hnub lossis Lub Hli. Cov koob yees duab no feem ntau yog siv rau kev ntsuas geological, kev soj ntsuam sab nraum zoov thiab UAV daim ntawv thov.

Cua sov

Infrared (IR) hluav taws xob tuaj yeem siv tau los ua qhov kub siab tshaj plaws hauv ntau daim ntawv thov. Qhov no feem ntau yog vim muaj peev xwm ntawm IR hluav taws xob mus ncaj qha mus rau cov khoom lossis cov chaw uas tsis muaj cua sov nyob ib puag ncig. Infrared (IR) hluav taws xob tuaj yeem siv tau los ua qhov kub siab tshaj plaws hauv ntau daim ntawv thov. Qhov no feem ntau yog vim muaj peev xwm ntawm IR hluav taws xob mus ncaj qha mus rau cov khoom lossis cov chaw uas tsis muaj cua sov nyob ib puag ncig.

Qhov chaw cua sov

Infrared radiation yog dav siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev lag luam cua sov txheej txheem. Piv txwv li, hauv kev tsim khoom, IR teeb lossis cov vaj huam sib luag feem ntau yog siv rau cov khoom siv cua sov, xws li cov yas, hlau, lossis cov coatings, rau kev kho, ziab, los yog tsim cov hom phiaj. IR hluav taws xob tuaj yeem tswj tau thiab qhia tau meej, tso cai rau kom muaj cua sov zoo thiab ceev ceev hauv qee qhov chaw.