Yog Crystal

"Ge crystal" feem ntau yog hais txog cov siv lead ua los ntawm cov khoom siv germanium (Ge), uas yog cov khoom siv semiconductor. Germanium feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm infrared optics thiab photonics vim nws cov khoom tshwj xeeb.

Nov yog qee qhov tseem ceeb ntawm germanium crystals thiab lawv daim ntawv thov:

1. Infrared Windows thiab Lenses: Germanium yog pob tshab nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam infrared ntawm lub electromagnetic spectrum, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-yoj thiab ntev-yoj infrared ranges. Cov cuab yeej no ua rau nws tsim nyog rau kev tsim cov qhov rais thiab lo ntsiab muag siv hauv thermal imaging systems, infrared koob yees duab, thiab lwm yam khoom siv kho qhov muag uas ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv infrared wavelengths.
2. Cov neeg ntes: Germanium kuj tseem siv los ua substrate rau ua infrared detectors, xws li photodiodes thiab photoconductors. Cov cuab yeej no tuaj yeem hloov cov hluav taws xob infrared mus rau hauv lub teeb liab hluav taws xob, ua kom pom thiab ntsuas lub teeb infrared.
3. Spectroscopy: Germanium crystals yog ua hauj lwm hauv infrared spectroscopy instruments. Lawv tuaj yeem siv los ua beamsplitters, prisms, thiab qhov rais los tswj thiab txheeb xyuas lub teeb infrared rau kev tshuaj xyuas tshuaj thiab khoom siv.
4. Laser Optics: Germanium tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom siv kho qhov muag hauv qee qhov infrared lasers, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov kev khiav hauj lwm hauv nruab nrab-infrared ntau. Nws tuaj yeem siv los ua qhov nruab nrab nce lossis ua ib feem hauv cov kab noj hniav laser.
5. Chaw thiab Astronomy: Germanium crystals yog siv nyob rau hauv infrared telescopes thiab qhov chaw-raws li kev soj ntsuam rau kev kawm cov khoom celestial uas emit infrared tawg. Lawv pab cov kws tshawb fawb sau cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb txog lub qab ntuj khwb uas tsis pom qhov pom kev.

Germanium crystals tuaj yeem loj hlob siv ntau txoj hauv kev, xws li Czochralski (CZ) txoj kev lossis Float Zone (FZ) txoj kev. Cov txheej txheem no koom nrog melting thiab solidifying germanium nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev tswj kom tsim ib tug crystals nrog tej yam ntxwv.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias thaum germanium muaj cov khoom tshwj xeeb rau infrared optics, nws txoj kev siv yog txwv los ntawm cov yam ntxwv xws li tus nqi, muaj, thiab nws cov kis tau yooj yim piv rau lwm cov ntaub ntawv infrared xws li zinc selenide (ZnSe) lossis zinc sulfide (ZnS) . Qhov kev xaiv ntawm cov khoom yog nyob ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb daim ntawv thov thiab cov kev xav tau ntawm optical system.