Yini i-laser? Umgomo wesizukulwane se-laser

I-laser ingenye yezinto ezibalulekile zesintu, ezaziwa ngokuthi "ukukhanya okukhanyayo". Empilweni yansuku zonke, sivame ukubona izinhlelo ezahlukahlukene ze-laser, njengobuhle be-laser, i-laser welding, ababulali be-laser bomisi, njalonjalo. Namuhla, ake sibe nokuqonda okuningiliziwe kwama-lasers kanye nezimiso ezingemva kwesizukulwane sazo.

Yini i-laser?

I-Laser ngumthombo okhanyayo osebenzisa i-laser ukukhiqiza ugongolo olukhethekile lokukhanya. I-laser ikhiqiza ukukhanya kokukhanya ngokufaka amandla emthonjeni wokukhanya kwangaphandle noma umthombo wamandla ezintweni ezibonakalayo ngenqubo yokuvuselela imisebe.

I-laser iyithuluzi elibonakalayo elihlanganiswe nendawo ephakathi (njengegesi, eqinile, noma uketshezi) olungakhulisa ukukhanya kanye nokumbozwa okubonakalayo. I-Active Medium e-laser imvamisa iyinto ekhethiwe futhi ecubunguliwe, nezimpawu zayo inquma i-wavelth ye-laser.

Isibani esikhiqizwe ama-lasers sinezici ezimbalwa ezihlukile:

Okokuqala, ama-lasers angukukhanya kwe-monochromatic ngamafrikhwensi aqinile namagagasi, angahlangabezana nezidingo ezithile ezikhethekile ze-optical.

Okwesibili, i-laser ilula, futhi isigaba samagagasi akhanyayo siguquguquki kakhulu, esingakwazi ukugcina ubukhulu obuzinzile bokukhanya kwamabanga amade.

Okwesithathu, ama-lasers akhanya kakhulu ngokukhanya okuqondiswayo okunemishayo emincane kakhulu futhi egxile kakhulu, engasetshenziswa ukufeza isinqumo esiphezulu sendawo.

I-laser ingumthombo okhanyayo

Umgomo wesizukulwane se-laser

Isizukulwane saseLaser sibandakanya izinqubo ezintathu zomzimba eziyisisekelo: imisebe evuselelayo, ukuphuma okuzenzakalelayo, nokumuncwa kwavuswa.

SImisebe eyenziwe ngesikhathi

Imisebe evuselelwayo iyisihluthulelo sesizukulwane se-laser. Lapho i-elektroni esezingeni eliphakeme lamandla lijabule ngenye i-Photon, ikhipha i-Photon ngamandla afanayo, imvamisa, isigaba, isimo se-polarization, kanye nokuqondisa okusakazwayo endaweni yaleyo photon. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi imisebe evuselelayo. Lokho kusho ukuthi, i-Photon ingakwazi "i-Clone" i-Photon efanayo ngenqubo yokuvuselela imisebe, ngaleyo ndlela kufinyelelwe ukufakwa kokukhanya.

Sukuphuma kwe-pineous

Lapho i-athomu, i-ion, noma i-elektroni ye-electron ye-electron kusuka ezingeni eliphakeme lamandla ezingeni eliphansi lamandla, likhipha ama-photons ngenani elithile lamandla, elibizwa ngokuthi ukuphuma okuzenzakalelayo. Ukukhishwa kwezithombe ezinjalo kungahleliwe, futhi akukho okuhambisana nokuhlangana kwezithombe ezikhishwe, okusho ukuthi isigaba sabo, isimo se-polarization, kanye nokuqondisa okusakazwayo konke okungahleliwe.

Sukumuncwa kwesikhathi

Lapho i-elektroni esezingeni eliphansi lamandla lithatha i-Photon enomehluko wenqanaba lamandla alingana nokwakhe, kungajabulisa izinga lamandla aphezulu. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi ukumuncwa kwavuselelwa.

E-lasers, umgodi ovumayo owakhiwa izibuko ezimbili ezifanayo uvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa inqubo yokuvuselelwa kwemisebe. Isibuko esisodwa isibuko esikhanyayo esiphelele, kanti esinye isibuko siyisibuko esibonisayo, esingavumela ingxenye ye-laser ukuthi idlule.

I-Photon e-Laser Medium ibonakalisa emuva naphambili phakathi kwezibuko ezimbili, futhi okukhombisa ngakunye kukhiqiza ama-photon amaningi ngenqubo yokuvuselelwa kwemisebe, ngaleyo ndlela uzuze ukukhuliswa kokukhanya. Lapho ubukhulu bokukhanya bukhuphuka ngezinga elithile, i-laser ikhiqizwa ngesibuko esibonisa isibuko.