一, Yisiphi isikhathi samakhamera endiza?

I-Time-of-Flight (tof) Amakhamera anobuchwepheshe obuzwayo obulinganisa ibanga phakathi kwekhamera nezinto endaweni yesehlakalo ngokusebenzisa isikhathi esidingayo ukuze bakwazi ukuhamba ezintweni bese zibuyela kwikhamera. Zivame ukusetshenziswa kuzicelo ezahlukahlukene ezinjengeqiniso ukungathandwa kwabathelisi esikubona, ama-robotic, ukuskena kwe-3D, ukuqashelwa kokuthinta, nokuningi.

Amakhamera we-TOFSebenza ngokukhipha isiginali yokukhanya, ngokujwayelekile ukukhanya, nokulinganisa isikhathi esidingayo ukuze isiginali sishaye emuva ngemuva kokushaya izinto endaweni yesehlakalo. Lesi silinganiso sesilinganiso sisetshenziselwa ukubala ibanga lezinto, ukudala imephu ejulile noma isethulo se-3D sesimo.

Isikhathi samakhamera endiza

Uma kuqhathaniswa nolunye ubuchwepheshe obujulile obufana nobuchwepheshe obuhleliwe noma umbono we-stereo, amakhamera we-tof anikela ngezinzuzo eziningana. Bahlinzeka ngemininingwane ejulile yesikhathi sangempela, babe nedizayini elula, futhi bangasebenza ezimweni ezahlukahlukene zokukhanyisa. Amakhamera we-TOF abuye ahlanganiswe futhi angahlanganiswa ngamadivayisi amancane afana nama-Smartphones, amaphilisi kanye namadivayisi agqoke.

Ukusetshenziswa kwamakhamera we-tof ahlukahlukene. Kumaqiniso augmented, amakhamera we-tof angabona ngokunembile ukujula kwezinto futhi athuthukise ubuqiniso bezinto ezibonakalayo ezibekwe emhlabeni wangempela. Kumarobhothi, anika amandla amarobhothi akwazi ukubona indawo ezungezile futhi azulazule ngokuphumelelayo. Ekuskeneni kwe-3D, amakhamera we-tof angadonsa ngokushesha i-geometry yezinto noma izindawo ngezinhloso ezahlukahlukene ezifana namaqiniso angokoqobo, ukugembula, noma ukuphrinta kwe-3D. Ziphinde zisetshenziswe kuzicelo ze-biometric, njengokuqashelwa kobuso noma ukuqashelwa kwesenzo sesandla.

二,Izakhi zesikhathi samakhamera endiza

Isikhathi-of-flight (tof) amakhameraziqukethe izinto ezimbalwa ezibalulekile ezisebenza ngokubambisana ukunika amandla ukujula kokujula nokulinganiswa kwebanga. Izingxenye ezithile zingahluka ngokuya ngomklamo nangomenzi, kepha nazi izinto eziyisisekelo ezivame ukutholakala ezinhlelweni zekhamera ezi-too:

Umthombo Okhanyayo:

Amakhamera we-TOF asebenzisa umthombo wokukhanya ukuze akhiphe isiginali yokukhanya, imvamisa ngesimo sokukhanya kwe-infrared (IR). Umthombo wokukhanya ungaba yi-LED (i-diode ekhanyisayo) noma i-laser diode, kuya ngomklamo wekhamera. Ukukhanya okukhanyisiwe kuhambela izinto endaweni yesehlakalo.

I-Optics:

I-lens ibutha ukukhanya okubonisiwe kanye nezithombe imvelo kwi-sensor yesithombe (uhlu oluphelele lwendiza). Isihlungi se-band-pass ye-Optical sidlula kuphela ukukhanya okufana ne-wavelength efanayo njengeyunithi yokukhanya. Lokhu kusiza ukucindezela ukukhanya okungeyona efanele futhi kunciphise umsindo.

Inzwa yesithombe:

Le yinhliziyo yekhamera ye-TOF. I-pixel ngayinye ilinganisa isikhathi ukukhanya okuthathile ukuyohamba kusuka kuyunithi yokukhanyisa (i-laser noma i-LED) entweni bese ubuyela emuva kuhlu lwama-plane agxile.

Isikhathi sokujikeleza:

Ukukala isikhathi sokundiza ngokunemba, ikhamera idinga ukujikeleza kwesikhathi okunembile. Lo mjikelezo ulawula ukukhishwa kwesiginali yokukhanya futhi kuthola isikhathi esidingayo ukuze ukukhanya kuhambele ezintweni bese ubuyela kwikhamera. Ivumelanisa izinqubo zokuphuma nezinqubo zokuthola ukuqinisekisa izilinganiso eziqondile zebanga.

Ukushintshwa kwe-Movie:

-NyeAmakhamera we-TOFFaka amasu wokushintshana ukuze uthuthukise ukunemba nokuqina kwezilinganiso zebanga. Lawa makhamera aguqula isiginali yokukhanya ekhishwe ngephethini noma imvamisa ethile. Ukuguquguquka kusiza ukwahlukanisa ukukhanya okukhishwe kweminye imithombo yokukhanya okukhona futhi kuthuthukisa amandla wekhamera okuhlukanisa phakathi kwezinto ezahlukene endaweni yesehlakalo.

Ukubalwa kokubala i-algorithm:

Ukuguqula izilinganiso zesikhathi sokundiza kube yimininingwane ejulile, amakhamera we-tof asebenzisa ama-algorithms ayinkimbinkimbi. Lawa ma-algorithms ahlaziya idatha yesikhathi etholwe kwi-PhotoDetor futhi abale ibanga phakathi kwekhamera nezinto endaweni yesehlakalo. Ukubalwa kokubala ama-algorithms kuvame ukubandakanya ukunxephezela ngezinto ezinjengejubane lokusakazeka kokukhanya, isikhathi sokuphendula sensor, nokuphazamiseka kokukhanya okukhona.

Ukukhishwa kwedatha okujulile:

Lapho ukubalwa kokujula kwenziwa, ikhamera ye-TOF ihlinzeka ngokuphumelelayo kwedatha. Lokhu kukhipha kungathatha isimo semephu ejulile, ifu lephuzu, noma ukumelwa kwe-3D kwesigameko. Idatha yokujula ingasetshenziswa ngohlelo lokusebenza nezinhlelo ukunika amandla ukusebenza okuhlukahlukene okufana nokulandela kwento, okungokoqobo okungathandwa kwabathelisi esikubona, noma navigation.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukuqaliswa okuthile kanye nezinto zamakhamera we-toof zingahlukahluka ngaphesheya kwabakhiqizi namamodeli. Intuthuko kubuchwepheshe ingenisa izici ezingeziwe kanye nezithuthukisi ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza kanye namakhono wezinhlelo zekhamera ezi-toof.

三, Izicelo

Izicelo ze-Automotive

Amakhamera wesikhathi sendizazisetshenziswa emisebenzini yokusiza nokuphepha kwezicelo ezithuthukile zezimoto ezifana nokuphepha kwezinyawo ezisebenzayo, ukutholwa kwe-Ererash kanye nezicelo zasendlini ezinjengokutholwa kwesikhundla (i-Oop).

Ukusetshenziswa kwamakhamera we-tof

Ukuhlangana komshini womuntu kanye nokudlala

As Amakhamera wesikhathi sendizaNikeza izithombe zebanga ngesikhathi sangempela, kulula ukulandelela ukunyakaza kwabantu. Lokhu kuvumela ukusebenzisana okusha ngamadivayisi wabathengi anjengethelevishini. Esinye isihloko ukuthi sisebenzise lolu hlobo lwamakhamera ukuze uhlanganyele nemidlalo kuma-dessoles wegeyimu yevidiyo. Izicelo zisebenzisa amasu we-computer kanye namasu wokubona isenzo.

I-Creative ne-Intel futhi zinikezela ngohlobo olufanayo lwekhamera ye-Interactive Yokuthinta Isikhathi Sokudlala, iSenzi3D ngokususelwa kwikhamera ye-DealSSense 325 yekhamera ye-softkinetictic. Ubuchwepheshe be-Infiinen ne-PMD bunika amandla amakhamera amancane ahlanganisiwe we-3D wokulawulwa kokuphathwa kwamadivayisi asondelene namadivayisi wabathengi njengamakhamera we-All-in-One nama-laptops (Picco Flexx kanye nePicco Monstar Camera).

Ukusetshenziswa kwamakhamera we-tof emidlalweni

Amakhamera we-smartphone

Ama-Smartphones ambalwa afaka amakhamera wesikhathi sokundiza. Lokhu ikakhulukazi okusetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yezithombe ngokunikeza isoftware yekhamera ngolwazi mayelana nengaphambili nangemuva. Ifoni yokuqala ephathekayo ukuqasha ubuchwepheshe obunjalo kwakuyi-LG G3, ekhishwe ekuqaleni kuka-2014.

Ukusetshenziswa kwamakhamera we-tof kumakhalekhukhwini

Ukulinganisa noMshini Vision

Ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ziyimisebenzi yokulinganisa, isib. Ukuphakama kokugcwalisa kuma-silos. Embonweni womshini wezimboni, ikhamera ye-Time-of-Flight isiza ukuhlukanisa nokuthola izinto ezizosetshenziswa ngamarobhothi, njengezinto ezidlula ku-conveyor. Izilawuli zeminyango zingahlukanisa kalula phakathi kwezilwane nabantu abafika emnyango.

Amarobhothi

Okunye ukusetshenziswa kwalawa makhamera yinsimu yamarobhothi: amarobhothi ama-mobile angakha imephu yendawo ezungezile ngokushesha okukhulu, okwenza bakwazi ukugwema izithiyo noma balandele umuntu oholayo. Njengoba ukubalwa kwebanga kulula, kusetshenziswe amandla amancane okubandakanya. Njengoba la makhamera angasetshenziswa futhi ukukala ibanga, amaqembu omncintiswano wokuqala wamarobhothi aziwe ukusebenzisa amadivaysi e-Autonomomo.

Umhlabathi womhlaba

Amakhamera we-TOFbasetshenziselwe ukuthola amamodeli wokuphakanyiswa kwedijithali we-topography yobuso yomhlaba, izifundo ku-geomorphology.

Ukusetshenziswa kwamakhamera we-tof e-geomorphology