Njengoba sonke sazi, amakhamera adlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu emkhakheni wokuhlola ukuphepha. Ngokuvamile, amakhamera afakwa emigwaqweni yasemadolobheni, izitolo ezinkulu zezitolo kanye nezinye izindawo zomphakathi, amakhampasi, izinkampani nezinye ezinye izindawo. Abadlali nje kuphela iqhaza lokuqapha, kepha futhi baluhlobo lwemishini yokuphepha futhi kwesinye isikhathi bawumthombo wemikhondo ebalulekile.

Kungashiwo ukuthi amakhamera wokubhekwa kwezokuphepha asephenduke ingxenye ebalulekile yomsebenzi nokuphila emphakathini wanamuhla.

Njengethuluzi elibalulekile lohlelo lokuhlola ukuphepha, TheIlensi yokuhlola ukuphephaUngathola futhi urekhode isithombe sevidiyo sendawo ethile noma indawo ngesikhathi sangempela. Ngokungezelela kokuqapha isikhathi sangempela, ama-lens wokuqapha ezokuphepha nawo anesitoreji sevidiyo, ukufinyelela okukude neminye imisebenzi, esetshenziswe kabanzi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene yezokuphepha.

Amalensi wokuhlola ukuphepha

1,Ukwakheka okuyinhloko kwamalensi wokubhekwa kwezokuphepha

1)FUbude be-OCAL

Ubude obugxile belensi yokuhlola ukuphepha inquma usayizi nokucaca kwento eqondiwe esithombeni. Ubude obuphelele bokugxila kufanelekile ukuqapha uhla olubanzi futhi ukubuka okude kuncane; Ubude obude bokugxila bulungele ukubonwa okude futhi bungakhulisa ilitshe.

2)Ingilazi eqoqa ukukhanya

Njengengxenye ebalulekile yelensi yokubhekwa kwezokuphepha, i-lens isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukulawula inkambu yokubuka i-angle kanye nobude obugxile ekuthwebuleni izinto eziqondiwe kumabanga ahlukene namabanga. Ukukhethwa kwamalensi kufanele kunqunywe ngokusekelwe kwizidingo ezithile. Isibonelo, ama-lens abanzi ama-angle asetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukuqapha izindawo ezinkulu, kanti amalensi we-telephoto asetshenziselwa ukuqapha imigomo ekude.

3)Inzwa yesithombe

I-sensor yesithombe ingenye yezinto eziyinhloko zeIlensi yokuhlola ukuphepha. Inesibopho sokuguqula amasiginali we-Optical abe amasiginali kagesi wokuthwebula izithombe. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezivamile zezinzwa zezithombe: CCD kanye nama-CMOs. Njengamanje, ama-CMOs athatha kancane kancane isikhundla esiphezulu.

4)Umphetho

Ukuthambekela kwelensi yokubheka ukuphepha kusetshenziselwa ukulungisa inani lokukhanya okufaka i-lens futhi kulawule ukukhanya nokujula kwesithombe. Ukuvula i-aperture ububanzi kungakhuphula inani lokungena kokukhanya, okulungele ukuqapha ezindaweni eziphansi, ngenkathi kuvalwa i-aperture kungafinyelela ukujula okukhulu kwensimu.

5)TIndlela yokuhumusha

Amanye ama-lens wokuhlola ukuphepha anendlela ejikelezayo yokujika okuvundlile nangokujikeleza okuqondile nokujikeleza. Lokhu kungamboza uhla olubanzi lokuqapha futhi kwandise i-panorama nokuguquguquka kokuqapha.

Ilensi yokuhlola ukuphepha

2,I-Optical Design of Lens Yezokuphenywa Kwezokuphepha

Idizayini ye-Optical ofama-lens wokuhlola ukuphephaUbuchwepheshe obubaluleke kakhulu, obubandakanya ubude obugxile, inkambu yokubuka, izingxenye zelensi kanye nezinto zelensi zelensi.

1)FUbude be-OCAL

Ngelensi yokubhekwa kokuphepha, ubude obugxile kuyisihlahla esibalulekile. Ukukhethwa kobude obugxile kunquma ukuthi into ingabanjwa kanjani yilensi. Ngokuvamile, ubude obukhulu bokugxila bungafezekisa ukulandela umkhondo nokubuka izinto ezikude, kanti ubude obuncane bokugxila bulungele ukudubula okukhulu futhi bungamboza inkambu enkulu yokubuka.

2)Inkambu yokubuka

Inkambu yokubuka nayo ingenye yamapharamitha abalulekile adinga ukubhekwa ekwakhiweni kwamalensi wokubhekwa kwezokuphepha. Inkambu yokubuka inquma ububanzi obuvundlile nobenze mpo amalensi angawathatha.

Ngokuvamile, amalensi wokuhlola ukuphepha adinga ukuba nomkhakha omkhulu wokubuka, akwazi ukumboza indawo ebanzi, futhi anikeze inkambu yokubuka ebanzi ngokwengeziwe.

3)LIzakhi ze-Ens

Umhlangano we-lens ufaka ama-lens amaningi, futhi imisebenzi ehlukene nemiphumela yokubona kungatholakala ngokulungisa ukwakheka kanye nesikhundla samalensi. Idizayini yezakhi zelensi idinga ukubheka izinto ezifana nekhwalithi yesithombe, ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ezindaweni ezihlukile zokukhanya, kanye nokumelana nokuphazanyiswa kwemvelo emvelweni.

4)Ingilazi eqoqa ukukhanyamama-aterials

Izinto zelensi futhi zingenye yezinto ezibalulekile okufanele zicatshangelwe ekuklameni okubonakalayo.Ama-lens wokuhlola ukuphephaDinga ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezisezingeni eliphakeme, izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokuqina nokuqina. Izinto ezijwayelekile zifaka ingilazi nepulasitiki.

Imicabango yokugcina

Uma unesifiso sokuthenga izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamalensi zokubhekwa, ukuskena, ama-drones, ekhaya elihlakaniphile, noma okunye ukusetshenziswa, sinakho okudingayo. Xhumana nathi namuhla ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngama-lens ethu nezinye izesekeli.