Ezithombeni nasezimbonini zokubona, isihlungi se-neutral density noma isihlungi se-ND siyisihlungi esehlisa noma esishintsha ukushuba kwawo wonke amaza obude noma imibala yokukhanya ngokulinganayo ngaphandle kokushintsha umbala wokuzala kabusha kombala. Injongo yezihlungi ezijwayelekile zokuminyana kwezithombe ukunciphisa inani lokukhanya elingena kulensi. Ukwenza kanjalo kuvumela umthwebuli wezithombe ukuthi akhethe inhlanganisela yokumboza, isikhathi sokuchayeka, nokuzwela kwenzwa okungase kukhiqize isithombe esivezwe ngokweqile. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze kuzuzwe imiphumela efana nokujula kwenkambu engajulile noma ukufiphala kwezinto ezinyakazayo ebangeni elibanzi lezimo nezimo zomoya.
Isibonelo, umuntu angase afune ukudubula impophoma ngesivinini esineshutha esinensayo ukuze enze umphumela wokufiphalisa ukunyakaza ngamabomu. Umthwebuli wezithombe angase anqume ukuthi isivinini se-shutter semizuzwana eyishumi siyadingeka ukuze kuzuzwe umphumela oyifunayo. Ngosuku olukhanya kakhulu, kungaba nokukhanya okuningi kakhulu, futhi ngisho nangejubane lefilimu eliphansi kakhulu nokuvula okuncane kakhulu, isivinini se-shutter samasekhondi angu-10 sizovumela ukukhanya okukhulu futhi isithombe sizovezwa ngokweqile. Kulesi simo, ukusebenzisa isihlungi esifanelekile sokuminyana kulingana nokumisa isitobhi esisodwa noma eziningi ezengeziwe, okuvumela isivinini esinesivinini sokuvala kanye nomthelela ofunekayo wokufiphalisa ukunyakaza.
Isihlungi esineziqu ze-neutral-density, esaziwa nangokuthi isihlungi se-ND esineziqu, isihlungi esihlukanisayo sokuminyana, noma isihlungi esithweswe iziqu, siyisihlungi esibonakalayo esinokudlulisa kokukhanya okuguquguqukayo. Lokhu kuyasiza uma indawo eyodwa yesithombe ikhanya kanti enye ingakhanya, njengasesithombeni sokushona kwelanga.Isakhiwo salesi sihlungi siwukuthi ingxenye engezansi yelensi ibonakala ngale, futhi kancane kancane iguqukela phezulu iye kwamanye amathoni, anjalo. njenge-gradient grey, gradient blue, gradient red, njll. Ingahlukaniswa ibe isihlungi sombala wegradient kanye nesihlungi sokusabalalisa i-gradient. Ngokombono wefomu le-gradient, ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-gradient ethambile kanye ne-gradient eqinile. “Ithambile” isho ukuthi ububanzi benguquko bukhulu, futhi ngokuphambene nalokho. . Isihlungi se-gradient sivame ukusetshenziswa ezithombeni ze-landscape. Inhloso yawo ukwenza ngamabomu ingxenye engenhla yesithombe ifinyelele ithoni yombala ethile elindelekile ngaphezu kokuqinisekisa ithoni yombala evamile engxenyeni engezansi yesithombe.
Izihlungi ezimpunga ezineziqu zokungathathi hlangothi, ezaziwa nangokuthi izihlungi ze-GND, ezidlulisa ukukhanya uhhafu kanye nohhafu wokuvimbela ukukhanya, ezivimba ingxenye yokukhanya engena kulensi, zisetshenziswa kakhulu. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ukuthola inhlanganisela efanele yokuchayeka evunyelwe ikhamera ekujuleni okungajulile kwesithombe sasendle, ukuthwebula izithombe ezinesivinini esiphansi, nezimo zokukhanya ezinamandla. Ibuye isetshenziswe kaningi ukulinganisa ithoni. Isihlungi se-GND sisetshenziselwa ukulinganisa umehluko phakathi kwezingxenye ezingaphezulu nezingaphansi noma kwesokunxele nesokudla kwesikrini. Kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ukukhanya kwesibhakabhaka nokunciphisa umehluko phakathi kwesibhakabhaka nomhlaba. Ngaphezu kokuqinisekisa ukuchayeka okuvamile kwengxenye engezansi, ingacindezela ngempumelelo ukukhanya kwesibhakabhaka esingaphezulu, yenze uguquko phakathi kokukhanya nokumnyama kuthambile, futhi ingagqamisa ngempumelelo ukuthungwa kwamafu. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zezihlungi ze-GND, kanye ne-grayscale nayo ihlukile. Ishintsha kancane kancane isuka kokumpunga okumnyama iye kokungenambala. Ngokuvamile, kunqunywa ukusisebenzisa ngemva kokulinganisa ukugqama kwesikrini. Veza ngokwenani elilinganisiwe lengxenye engenambala, futhi wenze izilungiso ezithile uma kudingeka.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-07-2023
