I-Infrared Optics

I-infrared optics igatsha le-optics elibhekene nocwaningo kanye nokukhohlakala kokukhanya kwe-infrared (IR), okuyimisebe ye-electromagnetic enamaza amade amaza kunokukhanya okubonakalayo. I-spectrum ye-infrared ihlanganisa ubude begagasi ukusuka cishe kuma-nanometer angu-700 ukuya ku-1 millimeter, futhi ihlukaniswe izifunda ezimbalwa: i-near-infrared (NIR), i-short-wave infrared (SWIR), i-mid-wave infrared (MWIR), i-long-wave infrared (LWIR). ), kanye ne-far-infrared (FIR).

I-infrared optics inezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi emikhakheni eyahlukene, okuhlanganisa:

1. Ukufanekisa Okushisayo: I-infrared optics isetshenziswa kakhulu kumakhamera wesithombe esishisayo namadivayisi, okusivumela ukuthi sibone futhi silinganise ukukhishwa kokushisa okuvela ezintweni nasezindaweni ezizungezile. Lokhu kunezinhlelo zokusebenza ekuboneni ebusuku, ezokuphepha, ekuhlolweni kwezimboni, nasekufanekisweni kwezokwelapha.
2. I-Spectroscopy: I-infrared spectroscopy iyindlela esebenzisa ukukhanya kwe-infrared ukuhlaziya ukwakheka kwamangqamuzana ezinto. Ama-molecule ahlukene amunca futhi akhiphe amaza amaza e-infrared athile, angasetshenziswa ukuhlonza kanye nokulinganisa izinhlanganisela kumasampuli. Lokhu kusebenza ku-chemistry, biology, kanye nesayensi yezinto zokwakha.
3. Ukuzwa Kukude: Izinzwa ze-infrared zisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokuzwa ukude ukuze kuqoqwe ulwazi mayelana nomhlaba nomkhathi. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekuqaphelweni kwemvelo, ekubikezelweni kwesimo sezulu, nasezifundweni zokuma komhlaba.
4. Ukuxhumana: Ukuxhumana kwe-infrared kusetshenziswa kubuchwepheshe obufana nezilawuli ezikude zeso lefoni, ukudluliswa kwedatha phakathi kwamadivayisi (isb, i-IrDA), ngisho nasekuxhumaneni okungenazintambo kwebanga elifushane.
5. Ubuchwepheshe be-Laser: Amalaser e-infrared anezinhlelo zokusebenza emikhakheni efana nemithi (ukuhlinzwa, ukuxilonga), ukucubungula izinto ezibonakalayo, ezokuxhumana, kanye nocwaningo lwesayensi.
6. Ukuvikela Nokuvikeleka: I-infrared optics idlala indima ebalulekile ezinhlelweni zempi ezifana nokutholwa okuqondiwe, ukuqondiswa kwemicibisholo, nokuhlola kabusha, kanye nasezinhlelweni zokuphepha zomphakathi.
7. Isayensi yezinkanyezi: Amatheleskopu nemishini yokubona i-infrared asetshenziselwa ukubuka izinto zasemkhathini eziphuma ngokuyinhloko ku-infrared spectrum, okuvumela izazi zezinkanyezi ukuthi zifunde izenzakalo ezingabonakali ekukhanyeni okubonakalayo.

I-infrared optics ihilela ukuklama, ukwenziwa, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezingxenye ze-optical kanye nezinhlelo ezingashintsha ukukhanya kwe-infrared. Lezi zingxenye zifaka amalensi, izibuko, izihlungi, ama-prism, ama-beamsplitters, nezitholi, konke okulungiselelwe ubude obuthile obuthakaselwayo obuyi-infrared. Izinto ezilungele i-infrared optics zivame ukuhluka kulezo ezisetshenziswa ku-optics ebonakalayo, njengoba kungezona zonke izinto ezibonakalayo ezikhanyayo ekukhanyeni kwe-infrared. Izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezijwayelekile zifaka i-germanium, i-silicon, i-zinc selenide, nezingilazi ezidlulisa ukukhanya kwe-infrared.

Kafushane, i-infrared optics iyinkambu ehlukahlukene enezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezingokoqobo, kusukela ekuthuthukiseni ikhono lethu lokubona ebumnyameni kuya ekuhlaziyeni izakhiwo zamangqamuzana eziyinkimbinkimbi kanye nokuthuthukisa ucwaningo lwesayensi.