Yintoni iglasi yamehlo?

Iglasi ye-Opticalluhlobo olukhethekileyo lweglasi eyenziwe ngobunjineli ngokukodwa kwaye yenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo zamehlo. Ineempawu ezizodwa kunye neempawu ezenza ukuba zilungele ukusetyenziswa kunye nokulawulwa kokukhanya, okwenza ukuba ukubunjwa kunye nohlalutyo lwemifanekiso ephezulu.

Ukuqulunqwa:

Iglasi yokukhanya yenziwe ikakhulu ngesilica (SiO₂) njengeyona nxalenye iphambili yokwenza iglasi, kunye nezinye iikhemikhali ezahlukeneyo, njengeboron, isodiyam, potassium, calcium, kunye nelothe. Ukudibanisa okuthe ngqo kunye nokugxininiswa kwezi zixhobo kumisela iimpawu ze-optical kunye ne-mechanical yeglasi.

iinkcazelo ngeempawu ezibonayo:

1.Refractive Index:Iglasi ye-Optical ine-refractive index elawulwa kakuhle kwaye ilinganiswe ngokuchanekileyo. Isalathiso se-refractive sichaza indlela ukukhanya okugoba ngayo okanye ukuguqula isalathiso njengoko kudlula kwiglasi, kuchaphazela iimpawu zokukhanya kweelensi, iiprism, kunye nezinye izinto ezibonakalayo.

2. Ukusasazwa:I-Dispersion ibhekiselele ekwahlukaneni kokukhanya kwinxalenye yemibala yayo okanye amaza obude njengoko idlula kwizinto eziphathekayo.Iglasi ye-Optical ingenziwa ubunjineli ukuba ibe neempawu ezithile zokusasazwa, evumela ukulungiswa kokuphambuka kwechromatic kwiinkqubo zokukhanya.

3.Ugqithiso:Iglasi ye-Opticalyenzelwe ukuba nokukhanya okuphezulu okubonakalayo, ukuvumela ukukhanya kudlule ngokufunxa okuncinci. Iglasi yenzelwe ukuba ibe namanqanaba aphantsi obumdaka kunye nemibala ukuze iphumeze ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya okugqwesileyo kuluhlu olufunekayo lwamaza.

Iglasi ye-Optical luhlobo olukhethekileyo lweglasi

Iinkcazelo ngoomatshini:

1.Optical Homogeneity:Iglasi ye-Optical yenziwe ukuba ibe ne-homogeneity ephezulu ye-optical, oku kuthetha ukuba ineempawu ezifanayo zokukhanya kuwo wonke umthamo wayo. Oku kubalulekile ekugcineni umgangatho womfanekiso kunye nokuphepha ukugqwetheka okubangelwa yiyantlukwano kwisalathiso se-refractive kuyo yonke into.

2.Uzinzo lweThermal:Iglasi ye-Optical ibonisa ukuzinza okuhle kwe-thermal, eyenza ukuba imelane notshintsho kwiqondo lokushisa ngaphandle kokwandiswa okukhulu okanye ukucutha. Oku kubalulekile ekugcineni ukusebenza kwe-optical ye-lens kunye namanye amacandelo optical phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokusingqongileyo.

3.Amandla oomatshini:Ukusukela okoiglasi yamehloisoloko isetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ezichanekileyo ze-optical systems, kufuneka ibe namandla aneleyo omatshini ukuze imelane nokuphathwa kunye nokunyusa uxinzelelo ngaphandle kokuguqulwa okanye ukuphuka. Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuqinisa, ezifana neekhemikhali okanye iinkqubo ze-thermal, zingasetyenziselwa ukuphucula iimpawu zayo zomatshini.

Iimpawu kunye nokusetyenziswa kweglasi yokukhanya

Nazi ezinye iimpawu kunye nokusetyenziswa kweglasi yokukhanya:

Fezitya:

1.Ukungafihli:Iglasi ye-Optical inokukhanya okuphezulu ekukhanyeni okubonakalayo kunye namanye amaza amaza emitha ye-electromagnetic. Le propati ivumela ukuba idlulise ukukhanya ngokufanelekileyo ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka okubalulekileyo okanye ukusabalalisa.

2.Refractive Index:Iglasi ye-Optical inokuveliswa ngezalathisi ezicacileyo zokujonga. Le propati yenza ukulawula kunye nokuguqulwa kwemisebe yokukhanya, iyenze ilungele iilensi, iiprism, kunye nezinye izinto ezibonakalayo.

Iimpawu zeglasi ye-optical

3.Inombolo ka-Abbe:Inombolo ye-Abbe ilinganisa ukusasazwa kwezinto, ebonisa indlela amaza okukhanya ahlukeneyo asasazwa ngayo xa udlula kuyo. Iglasi ye-Optical inokulungiswa ukuba ibe namanani athile e-Abbe, evumela ulungiso olusebenzayo lwe-chromatic aberration kwiilensi.

4.Ukwandiswa kweThermal ephantsi:Iglasi ye-Optical ine-coefficient ephantsi yokwandiswa kwe-thermal, oku kuthetha ukuba ayinwebeki okanye iyancipha kakhulu ngotshintsho kwiqondo lokushisa. Le propati iqinisekisa ukuzinza kunye nokuthintela ukuphazamiseka kwiinkqubo ze-optical systems.

5.Uzinzo lweMichiza kunye neMechanical:Iglasi yokukhanya izinzile ngokwemichiza kunye noomatshini, iyenza ikwazi ukumelana nezinto ezisingqongileyo ezifana nokufuma, ukuguquguquka kobushushu, kunye noxinzelelo lomzimba. Oku kuqina kuqinisekisa ixesha elide kunye nokusebenza kwezixhobo ze-optical.

Usetyenziso:

Iglasi ye-Optical isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo, kubandakanya:

1.Iilensi zekhamera:Iglasi ye-Opticalyinxalenye ephambili ekwakhiweni kweelensi zekhamera, ukuvumela ukugxila ngokuchanekileyo, isisombululo somfanekiso, kunye nokuchaneka kombala.

2.Imakroskopu kunye neeteleskopu:Iglasi ye-Optical isetyenziselwa ukwenza iilensi, izibuko, iiprism, kunye namanye amacandelo kwiimicroscopes kunye neteleskopu, eyenza ukwandiswa kunye nokubonwa okucacileyo kwezinto.

3.Itekhnoloji yeLaser:Iglasi ye-Optical isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iikristale zelaser kunye neelensi, evumela ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwe-laser beam, ukubunjwa kwe-beam, kunye nokwahlulwa kwemiqadi.

Iglasi yokukhanya isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iikristale zelaser

4.IFiber Optics: Imicu yeglasi ye-Optical isetyenziselwa ukuhambisa idatha yedijithali kwimigama emide ngesantya esiphezulu, ivumela unxibelelwano lwe-telecommunications, uqhagamshelo lwe-intanethi, kunye nokuhanjiswa kwedatha kumashishini ahlukeneyo.

5.Izihluzi zamehlo: Iglasi yokukhanya isetyenziselwa ukwenza izihluzi zezicelo ezinje ngefoto, i-spectrophotometry, kunye nokulungiswa kombala.

6.I-Optoelectronics: Iiglasi zamehloI-s isetyenziselwa ukwenziwa kwee-optical sensors, iziboniso, iiseli ze-photovoltaic, kunye nezinye izixhobo ze-optoelectronic.

Le yimizekelo embalwa yoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo kunye neempawu zeglasi yeglasi. Iipropati zayo ezikhethekileyo zenza ukuba zibe yimfuneko kwiindawo ezininzi zoshishino lwe-optical.