Iglasi ye-Optical luhlobo olukhethekileyo lwemathiriyeli yeglasi, enye yezinto ezibalulekileyo ezisisiseko kwimveliso yesixhobo sokukhanya. Ineempawu ezintle ze-optical kunye neempawu ezithile zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali, kwaye idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo ze-optical.

Zeziphi iintlobo zeglasi yamehlo?

Iglasi ye-Optical inokuhlelwa kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo ngokusekelwe kwizicelo ezithile kunye neempawu eziphathekayo. Nazi iintlobo ezininzi eziqhelekileyo zeglasi ye-optical:

1. Iglasi ye-silicate

Iglasi ye-silicate yolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lweglasi ye-optical, kwaye inxalenye yayo ephambili yi-silicate, eyi-silicon dioxide, ehlala iqulethe izinto ezifana ne-boron oxide, i-sodium oxide, kunye ne-magnesium oxide.

2. Iglasi yelothe

Iglasi yelothe ibhekisa kwiglasi ebonayo enomlinganiselo othile we-lead oxide eyongeziweyo, enesalathiso se-refractive ephezulu kunye noxinaniso kwaye isoloko isetyenziswa kwizixhobo zokukhanya ezifana neteleskopu kunye ne-microscopes.

3. Iglasi yeBorosilicate

Iglasi ye-Borosilicate yongezwa ikakhulu kunye ne-boron oxide, enesalathisi esiphezulu se-refractive kunye nokusebenza okuphantsi kwe-dispersion, kwaye isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ekwenzeni iilensi kunye neeprism.

Iintlobo zeglasi ye-optical

4. Iglasi yequartz

Inxalenye ephambili yeglasi ye-quartz nayo i-silicon dioxide, eneempawu ezibalaseleyo ze-optical kunye nokuzinza kweekhemikhali, kwaye ngoku isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizixhobo ze-optical kunye nezixhobo.

5. Iglasi yomhlaba enqabileyo

Iglasi yomhlaba enqabileyo yiglasi yokukhanya eyenziwe ngokongeza izinto zomhlaba ezinqabileyo, ezinokuhlengahlengisa iipropathi zamehlo kwaye ziqhele ukusetyenziswa xa kusenziwa amasimi obuchwepheshe obuphezulu obufana nelases.

Umahluko phakathi kweglasi ye-optical kunye neglasi eqhelekileyo

Xa kuthelekiswa neglasi eqhelekileyo, iglasi ye-optical isulungekiswe ngakumbi kwaye iyingcali malunga nococeko lokwakheka, inkqubo yokulungiselela, ukusebenza kwamehlo, njl njl. Umahluko ophambili ngo:

Ukutyeba kunye nobunzima

Iglasi ye-Optical iqhele ukuba nobukhulu obuncinci kunye nobunzima obukhaphukhaphu, nto leyo iyenza ilungele ukwenziwa kwezixhobo ezichanekileyo zokukhanya. Iglasi eqhelekileyo inokwenziwa ngqindilili kwaye ibenzima ngenxa yeenkalo ezahlukeneyo zesicelo.

Icandelo

Iglasi ye-Optical ihlambuluke ngakumbi ekubunjweni kwaye ilawulwa ngokucokisekileyo, ngokuqhelekileyo ilungiselelwe ngokusebenzisa iifomyula ezithile zeekhemikhali kunye nezixhobo ezicocekileyo eziphezulu zokufikelela kwiimpawu ezibonakalayo ezilindelekileyo. Ukubunjwa kweglasi eqhelekileyo kulula, ngokuqhelekileyo kuqulunqwe ngeesiliti kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolileyo.

Ukubunjwa kweglasi eqhelekileyo

Inkqubo yokulungiselela

Iglasi ye-Optical idinga iinkqubo ezichanekileyo zokulungiselela, ngokuqhelekileyo zisebenzisa iinkqubo ezifana nokunyibilika kobushushu obuphezulu, unyango lobushushu be-vacuum, kunye nokupholisa okuchanekileyo okulawulwayo ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kunye nokuchaneka kokusebenza kwamehlo. Iglasi eqhelekileyo ithatha iinkqubo eziqhelekileyo zokulungiselela iglasi, kwaye ixabiso lemveliso liphantsi.

Ukusebenza kwamehlo

Iglasi ye-Optical ineempawu ezinje ngesalathiso se-refractive ephezulu, i-dispersion encinci, kunye nokufunxa ukukhanya okusezantsi, kwaye ukusebenza kwayo kokubona kugqwesileyo. Ke ngoko, iglasi yokukhanya inokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizixhobo zokukhanya ezinje ngeelensi, iiprism, kunye nezihluzi zamehlo kwiinkqubo ezichanekileyo zamehlo.

Nangona kunjalo, iglasi eqhelekileyo ayisebenzi kakuhle kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumasimi anjengezikhongozeli eziqhelekileyo kunye nezinto zokwakha.