Ilensi yombono womatshiniyilensi yekhamera yeshishini eyenzelwe ngokukodwa iinkqubo zokujonga umatshini. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukwenza iprojekthi yomfanekiso wento efotweyo kwinzwa yekhamera ukuze kuqokelelwe umfanekiso ozenzekelayo, ukusetyenzwa kunye nohlalutyo.
Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkalo ezininzi ezifana nokulinganisa okuchanekileyo okuphezulu, ukuhlanganisana okuzenzekelayo, uvavanyo olungonakalisi, kunye nokuhamba kwerobhothi.
1,Umgaqo welensi yombono womatshini
Imigaqo yokujonga iilensi zoomatshini ikakhulu ibandakanya i-imaging ye-optical, i-geometric optics, i-optics ebonakalayo kunye neminye imimandla, kubandakanywa ubude obugxilwe, indawo yokujonga, indawo yokuvula kunye nezinye iiparameters zokusebenza. Okulandelayo, makhe sifunde ngakumbi malunga nemigaqo yeelensi zokujonga umatshini.
Imigaqo ye-optical imaging.
Umgaqo we-optical imaging kukuba i-lens igxininisa ukukhanya kwi-sensor ngokusebenzisa amaqela amaninzi e-lens (njenge-lens yendawo kunye ne-lens space lens) ukuvelisa umfanekiso wedijithali wento.
Isikhundla kunye nesithuba seqela le-lens kwindlela ye-optical iya kuchaphazela ubude be-focal, intsimi yokujonga, isisombululo kunye nezinye iiparitha zokusebenza ze-lens.
Imigaqo ye-geometric optics.
Umgaqo-nkqubo we-geometric optics ye-lens kukugxininisa ukukhanya okubonakalisiweyo ukusuka kwinto ukuya kwi-sensor surface phantsi kweemeko apho imithetho yokukhanya kunye ne-refraction iyaneliswa.
Kule nkqubo, kuyimfuneko ukunqoba i-aberration, i-distortion, i-chromatic aberration kunye nezinye iingxaki ze-lens ukuphucula umgangatho we-imaging.
Imigaqo ye-optics ebonakalayo.
Xa uhlalutya i-lens imaging usebenzisa imigaqo ye-optics ebonakalayo, kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela indalo yamaza kunye nokuphazamiseka kokukhanya. Oku kuya kuchaphazela iiparamitha zokusebenza kwelensi ezifana nesisombululo, umahluko, ukusasazwa, njl.
Ilensi yombono womatshini
Ubude bokujolisa kunye nendawo yokujonga.
Ubude be-lens bubhekiselele kumgama phakathi kwento kunye nelensi. Imisela ubungakanani bendawo yokujonga ilensi, oko kukuthi, uluhlu lwemifanekiso enokuthi ithathwe yikhamera.
Okukhona ubude bojoliso, bucutheka ibala lokujonga, kwaye kokukhona ukwandiswa komfanekiso; Ubude obufutshane bojoliso, ibala lembono elibanzi, kunye nokwandiswa komfanekiso omncinci.
Umngxuma kunye nobunzulu bebala.
I-aperture ngumngxuma ohlengahlengiswayo kwilensi olawula ubungakanani bokukhanya okudlula kwilensi. Ubungakanani bokuvula bunokulungelelanisa ubunzulu bentsimi (oko kukuthi, uluhlu olucacileyo lokucinga), oluchaphazela ukukhanya komfanekiso kunye nomgangatho womfanekiso.
Okukhona umngxuma wokuvula usiba mkhulu, kokukhona kungena ukukhanya kwaye bungekho nzulu ubunzulu bentsimi; isithuba esincinci sincinci, ukukhanya kuncinci kungena kunye nobunzulu bebala.
Isigqibo.
Isisombululo sibhekisa kumgama omncinci onokusombululwa ilensi, kwaye isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ukucaca komfanekiso welensi. Ukuphakama kwesisombululo, ngcono umgangatho womfanekiso welensi.
Ngokubanzi, xa kutshatisa, isisombululo seIlensi yombono womatshinikufuneka ihambelane neepixels zoluvo, ukuze inkqubo yokusebenza yelensi isetyenziswe ngokupheleleyo.
2,Umsebenzi welensi yombono womatshini
Iisistim zombono womatshini zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimveliso ye-elektroniki, ukwenziwa kwemizi-mveliso kunye namanye amacandelo. Njengeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo yenkqubo yombono, iilensi zombono womatshini zinempembelelo eqinisekileyo ekusebenzeni kunye nemiphumo yenkqubo.
Imisebenzi ephambili yeelensi zokujonga umatshini yile ilandelayo:
Form umfanekiso.
Inkqubo yombono iqokelela ulwazi malunga nento ekujoliswe kuyo nge-lens, kwaye i-lens igxininisa ukukhanya okuqokelelweyo kwi-sensor yekhamera ukwenza umfanekiso ocacileyo.
Imisebenzi yeelensi zombono womatshini
Ibonelela ngommandla wokujonga.
Intsimi yokujonga i-lens inquma ubungakanani kunye nentsimi yokujonga into ekujoliswe kuyo ukuba ikhamera iya kuqokelela. Ukukhetha intsimi yokujonga kuxhomekeke kubude be-lens kunye nobukhulu boluvo lwekhamera.
Lawula ukukhanya.
Iilensi ezininzi zokubona koomatshini zinohlengahlengiso lokuvula indawo elawula ukukhanya okungena kwikhamera. Lo msebenzi ubalulekile ekufumaneni imifanekiso ephezulu phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokukhanyisa.
Misela isisombululo.
I-lens efanelekileyo inokubonelela ngemifanekiso ecacileyo, ephezulu eneenkcukacha eziphezulu, ezibaluleke kakhulu ekufumaneni ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokuchongwa kwezinto.
Ukulungiswa kokuphazamiseka kweLens.
Xa uyila iilensi zombono womatshini, ukugqwetha kuya kulungiswa ukuze ilensi ikwazi ukufumana iziphumo eziyinyani nezichanekileyo ngexesha lokwenziwa komfanekiso.
Umfanekiso onzulu.
Ezinye iilensi eziphezulu zinokubonelela ngolwazi olunzulu, olubaluleke kakhulu kwimisebenzi efana nokuchongwa kwezinto, ukuqaphela, kunye nokubeka indawo.
Iingcamango Zokugqibela:
UChuangAn uye waqhuba uyilo lokuqala kunye nokuveliswa kweiilensi zombono womatshini, ezisetyenziswa kuzo zonke iinkalo zeenkqubo zombono womatshini. Ukuba unomdla okanye uneemfuno zeelensi zombono womatshini, nceda uqhagamshelane nathi ngokukhawuleza.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-04-2024
