Uphuhliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kweepshiki kuncede amayeza abantu kunye nezenzululwazi zobomi bafaka kwinqanaba lokuphuhlisa ngokukhawuleza, njengokuhlinzwa kancinci, i-laser yonyango, isifo sebhayoloji, uhlalutyo lwe-DNA, njl.

Utyando kunye ne-pharmaconkinetics

Indima ye-otpics kwi-utyando kunye ne-pharmaconkinetics ibonakaliswa ikakhulu kwimiba emibini: i-laser nasekukhanyiseni i-vivo kunye nokucinga.

1. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-lar njengomthombo wamandla

Umxholo wonyango lwe-laser waziswa kugqirha wamehlo ngo-1960. Xa iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeenqanawa kunye neepropathi zabo zamkelwa, unyango lwase-laser lwalukhanyiselwe ngokukhawuleza kwamanye amasimi.

Imithombo yokukhanya eyahlukeneyo (irhasi, eqinileyo, njl. Njl.) Ngaba i-Easers i-lasers i-lasers (i-lavers etsaliweyo), eneziphumo eziqhubekayo kwizicubu ezahlukeneyo zomzimba ofanayo. Le mithombo ilula iquka ikakhulu: ukutsalwa i-ruby ruber (i-utsale i-ruby ruby); I-Argon ion ye-Argon Ion (CW Argon ion); i-carbon ye-carbon dioxide (CW CO2); I-Yttrium Alumnum Garnet (ND: YAG) I-Laser. Kuba i-carbon ye-carbon diokride laser kunye neYttrium Alumner Gartt Leser yegazi xa inqumle izicubu zabantu, zisetyenziswa kakhulu kutyando jikelele.

I-wavelength ye-lasers esetyenziswe kunyango ibaluleke kakhulu kune-100 NM. Ukufunxa kweenqanawa ze-lavers zamaza ezahlukeneyo kwizicubu ezahlukeneyo zomzimba womntu kusetyenziselwa ukwandisa izicelo zawo zonyango. Umzekelo, xa i-lavelength ye-laser inkulu kune-1m, amanzi yeyona nto iphambili. I-Lasers ayinakuphela kuphela i-therity efihlakeleyo kwi-theties ye-tission yountu yokusikwa nokuyihlatha, kodwa ikwavelisa iziphumo zoomatshini.

Ingakumbi emva kokuba abantu bafumanise imiphumo yoomatshini bee-lars, ezinje ngesizukulwana seebhulukhwe kunye namaza oxinzelelo, ii-lars zasetyenziswa kwiindlela zefoto, ezinje ngotyando oluphathekayo kunye notyando lwe-Cataral. I-laasers inakho ukuvelisa iziphumo zefoto ukukhokela iziyobisi zomhlaza kunye namavili aFekishini ukukhulula iziphumo zeziyobisi kwizicubu ezithile, ezinje ngonyango lwe-PDT. I-laser idityaniswa ne-pharmacokinetics idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu kwicandelo lemicimbi efanelekileyo.

2. Ukusetyenziswa kokukhanya njengesixhobo se-vivo ekhanyayo kwaye icinge

Ukusukela ngo-1990s, i-CCD (intlawulo-idityanisiweIkhamera yekhamera yaziswa kunyango oluhlaselweyo oluncinci (i-chiest engahlaseli ubuncinci, kwaye i-optics yayinotshintsho olufanelekileyo kwizicelo zoqhaqho. Ifuthe lokucinga lokukhanya kuhlaselo oluncinci kunye notyando oluvulekileyo lubandakanya i-endoscopes, iinkqubo zokucinga ezincinci, kunye ne-Hology Hlographic icinga.

BhetyebhetyeEndoscope, kubandakanya i-gasroenteroscope, i-duodenoscope, colonoscope, i-engioskope, njl.

Indlela yokukhanya ye-endoscope

Indlela ye-optical ye-endoscope ibandakanya iinkqubo ezimbini ezizimeleyo nezilungelelanisiweyo zokukhanyisela kwaye zicinga.

RigidEndoscope, kubandakanya i-arthroscopy, i-laparoscopy, i-thoracoscopy, i-ventriculoscopy, i-Hysteroscopy, i-cystoscopy, i-otolinoscopy, njl.

I-endoscopes eqinileyo ngokubanzi inee-apsicals ezixineneyo ze-angles ukukhetha, njenge-30 degrees, i-60 degrees, njl njl.

Ikhamera yomzimba encinci sisixhobo esibonisa ingcinga esekwe kwiPmos encinci ye-CMOS kunye neqonga letekhnoloji ye-CCD. Umzekelo, i-cepsule gososcope,I-PillCam. Ingangena kwinkqubo yokugaya umzimba womzimba ukukhangela izilonda kunye nokubeka iliso kwimiphumo yeziyobisi.

I-Capsule Endoscope

I-microscope ye-microscope ye-sugodic, isixhobo esibonisa ukuba siyigcine i-3D yezicubu ezihle kunyango oluchanekileyo, ezinjenge-neurosurgery ye-craniotomy.

I-microscope ye-reagraphic ye-reagraphic

Shwankathela:

1. Ngenxa yefuthe le-shirmal, isiphumo somatshini, ifowni yeziphumo zebhayiloji ye-laser, isetyenziswa ngokubanzi njengomthombo wamandla kunyango olungenasiphako oluncinci.

2. Ngenxa yophuhliso lwetekhnoloji yokucinga, izixhobo zokujonga ezonyango zenza lenze inkqubela phambili kwicala lesisombululo esiphezulu kunye ne-mineatherization, ibeka isiseko sotyando oluncinci kunye ne-Vivo. Okwangoku, ezona zixhobo zisetyenziswa rhoqo zonyango zibandakanyai-endoscopes, imifanekiso ye-hographic kunye neenkqubo ezincinci zokucinga.