Kwifoto kunye ne-optics, isihluzo esingathathi hlangothi soxinaniso okanye i-ND isihluzi esehlisa okanye siguqula ubunzulu bawo onke amaza obude okanye imibala yokukhanya ngokulinganayo ngaphandle kokutshintsha i-hue yokuveliswa kombala. Injongo yezihluzo ezisezantsi zokufota kukunciphisa ukukhanya okungena kwilensi. Ukwenza njalo kuvumela umfoti ukuba akhethe indibaniselwano ye-aperture, ixesha lokuvezwa, kunye novakalelo lwenzwa olunokuthi ngenye indlela luvelise ifoto evezwe ngaphezulu. Oku kwenziwa ukuphumeza iziphumo ezinjengobunzulu obungenzulwanga bentsimi okanye ukufiphala kwentshukumo yezinto kuluhlu olubanzi lweemeko kunye neemeko zomoya.
Umzekelo, umntu unokufuna ukudubula ingxangxasi ngesantya esicothayo sokuvala isivalo ukwenza isiphumo sokufiphala kwentshukumo ngabom. Umfaki-zithombe unokugqiba ukuba isantya sokuvala imizuzwana elishumi siyafuneka ukufezekisa umphumo oyifunayo. Ngomhla oqaqambileyo kakhulu, kunokubakho ukukhanya okukhulu, kwaye nakwisantya esisezantsi sefilimu kunye neyona ndawo incinci yokuvula, isantya se-shutter semizuzwana ye-10 siya kuvumela ukukhanya okukhulu kwaye ifoto iya kubonakaliswa ngokugqithiseleyo. Kulo mzekelo, ukusebenzisa isihluzo esifanelekileyo soxinaniso olungathathi hlangothi lulingana nokumisa esinye okanye ngaphezulu zokumisa ezongezelelweyo, kuvumela isantya esicothayo sokuvala kunye nesiphumo esinqwenelekayo sokufiphalisa intshukumo.
Isihluzo esithweswe isidanga soxinaniso lokungathathi hlangothi, ekwaziwa ngokuba sisihluzo se-ND esithweswe izidanga, isihluzo esisahluleyo soxinaniso, okanye isihluzi nje esithweswe isidanga, sisihluzo sokukhanya esinokuhanjiswa kokukhanya okuguquguqukayo. Oku kuluncedo xa ummandla omnye womfanekiso uqaqambile kwaye omnye awukho, njengakumfanekiso wokutshona kwelanga.Isakhiwo sesihluzo kukuba isiqingatha esisezantsi selensi siyabonakala, kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe sitshintshela phezulu kwezinye iithowuni, ezinje. njenge-gradient engwevu, i-gradient blue, i-gradient ebomvu, njl njl. Inokwahlulwa ibe yi-gradient color filter kunye ne-gradient diffuse filter Ngokwembono yefomu ye-gradient, inokwahlulwa ibe yi-gradient ethambileyo kunye ne-gradient elukhuni. "Ithambile" ithetha ukuba uluhlu lwenguqu lukhulu, kwaye ngokuphambeneyo. . Isihluzi se-gradient sihlala sisetyenziswa ekufotweni kobume belizwe. Injongo yalo kukwenza ngamabomu inxalenye ephezulu yesithombe ifezekise ithoni yombala ethile elindelekileyo ngaphezu kokuqinisekisa ithoni yombala oqhelekileyo wecala elisezantsi lesithombe.
Izihluzi ezingwevu eziphumelele ukungathathi hlangothi, ezikwabizwa ngokuba zizihluzi ze-GND, ezisisiqingatha sokuhambisa ukukhanya kunye nesiqingatha sokuthintela ukukhanya, ukuthintela indawo yokukhanya engena kwilensi, zisetyenziswa kakhulu. Isetyenziswa ikakhulu ukufumana indibaniselwano echanekileyo yokuvezwa evunyelwe yikhamera kubunzulu obunzulu bokufota endle, ukufota ngesantya esisezantsi, kunye neemeko zokukhanya ezinamandla. Ikwasetyenziswa rhoqo ukulinganisa ithoni. Isihluzi se-GND sisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa umahluko phakathi kweendawo eziphezulu nezisezantsi okanye zasekhohlo nasekunene zesikrini. Ihlala isetyenziselwa ukunciphisa ukukhanya kwesibhakabhaka kunye nokunciphisa umahluko phakathi kwesibhakabhaka nomhlaba. Ukongeza ekuqinisekiseni ukuvezwa okuqhelekileyo kwendawo engezantsi, inokucinezela ngokufanelekileyo ukukhanya kwesibhakabhaka esingaphezulu, okwenza utshintsho phakathi kokukhanya kunye nobumnyama obuthambileyo, kwaye inokugqamisa ngokufanelekileyo ukuthungwa kwamafu. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezihluzi ze-GND, kunye ne-grayscale nayo yahlukile. Itshintsha kancinci ukusuka kwingwevu emnyama ukuya kumbala ongenambala. Ngokwesiqhelo, kugqitywe ekubeni kusetyenziswe emva kokulinganisa umahluko wesikrini. Veza ngokwexabiso elilinganisiweyo lendawo engenambala, kwaye wenze izilungiso ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-07-2023
