Khalase ea mahlo ke eng?

Khalase ea mahloke mofuta o ikhethileng oa khalase e entsoeng ka mokhoa o ikhethileng le ho etsoa bakeng sa tšebeliso lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng tsa optical. E na le litšobotsi le litšobotsi tse ikhethang tse etsang hore e lokele ho laoloa le ho laoloa ke leseli, e leng se nolofalletsang ho thehoa le ho hlahlojoa ha litšoantšo tsa boleng bo holimo.

Sebopeho:

Khalase ea optical e entsoe haholo-holo ka silica (SiO2)₂) e le karolo e ka sehloohong e etsang khalase, hammoho le likarolo tse ling tse fapaneng tsa lik'hemik'hale, tse kang boron, sodium, potasiamo, calcium le loto. Motsoako o ikhethileng le mahloriso a likarolo tsena li khetholla litšobotsi tsa mahlo le tsa mechini tsa khalase.

Matlotlo a Optical:

1. Letšoao la Refractive:Khalase ea mahlo e na le index ea refractive e laoloang hantle le e lekantsoeng hantle. Index ea refractive e hlalosa kamoo leseli le kobehang kapa le fetolang tataiso kateng ha le feta ka har'a khalase, e amang litšobotsi tsa mahlo tsa lilense, li-prism le likarolo tse ling tsa mahlo.

2. Ho hasana:Ho hasana ho bolela karohano ea leseli ka mebala ea lona ea likarolo kapa maqhubu a maqhubu ha le feta ka har'a thepa. Khalase ea optical e ka etsoa hore e be le litšobotsi tse itseng tsa ho hasana, e leng se lumellang ho lokisoa ha ho feto-fetoha ha chromatic litsamaisong tsa optical.

3. Phetiso:Khalase ea mahloe etselitsoe ho ba le ponahalo e phahameng ea optical, e lumellang leseli ho feta ka ho monya hanyane. Khalase e entsoe hore e be le maemo a tlase a litšila le 'mala ho fihlela phetiso e ntle ea leseli sebakeng se lakatsehang sa maqhubu.

Khalase ea Optical ke mofuta o khethehileng oa khalase

Thepa ea Mekaniki:

1. Ho tšoana ha Optical:Khalase ea mahlo e entsoe hore e be le homogeneity e phahameng ea mahlo, ho bolelang hore e na le thepa e tšoanang ea mahlo ho pholletsa le bophahamo ba eona. Sena se bohlokoa bakeng sa ho boloka boleng ba setšoantšo le ho qoba ho sotha ho bakoang ke liphetoho tsa index ea refractive holim'a thepa.

2.Botsitso ba Thermal:Khalase ea optical e bontša botsitso bo botle ba mocheso, e e nolofalletsang ho mamella liphetoho mochesong ntle le katoloso e kholo kapa ho honyela. Sena se bohlokoa bakeng sa ho boloka ts'ebetso ea optical ea lilense le likarolo tse ling tsa optical tlas'a maemo a fapaneng a tikoloho.

3. Matla a Mekaniki:Ho tloha kakhalase ea mahlohangata e sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tse nepahetseng tsa optical, e hloka ho ba le matla a lekaneng a mechini ho mamella ho sebetsana le khatello ea ho kenya ntle le ho fetoha kapa ho robeha. Mekhoa e fapaneng ea ho matlafatsa, joalo ka lits'ebetso tsa lik'hemik'hale kapa tsa mocheso, e ka sebelisoa ho ntlafatsa litšobotsi tsa eona tsa mechini.

Litšobotsi le ts'ebeliso ea khalase ea optical

Mona ke likarolo tse ling le lits'ebetso tsa khalase ea optical:

Flijo:

1. Ponaletso:Khalase ea optical e na le ponahalo e phahameng ho khanya e bonahalang le maqhubu a mang a mahlaseli a motlakase. Thepa ena e e lumella ho fetisa leseli ka katleho ntle le ho sotha kapa ho hasana ho hoholo.

2. Letšoao la Refractive:Khalase ea mahlo e ka etsoa ka li-indices tse khethehileng tsa refractive. Thepa ena e nolofalletsa taolo le tsamaiso ea mahlaseli a khanya, e leng se etsang hore e lokele lilense, li-prism le likarolo tse ling tsa mahlo.

Litšobotsi tsa khalase ea optical

3. Nomoro ea Abbe:Nomoro ea Abbe e lekanya ho hasana ha thepa, e bontšang hore na maqhubu a fapaneng a khanya a hasana joang ha a feta ho eona. Khalase ea optical e ka etsoa hore e be le linomoro tse itseng tsa Abbe, e leng se lumellang tokiso e sebetsang ea ho se lumellane ha chromatic ka har'a lilense.

4. Katoloso e Tlase ea Thermal:Khalase ea optical e na le coefficient e tlase ea katoloso ea mocheso, ho bolelang hore ha e atolohe kapa ha e honyele haholo ka liphetoho tsa mocheso. Thepa ena e netefatsa botsitso 'me e thibela ho sotha litsamaisong tsa optical.

5. Botsitso ba Lik'hemik'hale le Mekaniki:Khalase ea optical e tsitsitse ka lik'hemik'hale le ka mechini, e leng se etsang hore e hanele maemo a tikoloho a kang mongobo, ho feto-fetoha ha mocheso le khatello ea 'mele. Ho tšoarella hona ho netefatsa nako e telele le ts'ebetso ea lisebelisoa tsa optical.

Likopo:

Khalase ea mahlo e sebelisoa haholo litsamaisong le lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa mahlo, ho kenyeletsoa:

1.Lilense tsa khamera:Khalase ea mahloke karolo ea bohlokoa kahong ea lilense tsa khamera, e lumellang ho tsepamisa mohopolo ka nepo, qeto ea setšoantšo le ho nepahala ha 'mala.

2.Li-microscope le libonela-hōle:Khalase ea mahlo e sebelisoa ho etsa lilense, liipone, li-prism le likarolo tse ling ka har'a li-microscope le li-telescope, e leng se nolofalletsang ho holisa le ho bona lintho ka ho hlaka.

3.Mahlale a laser:Khalase ea mahlo e sebelisoa ho hlahisa likristale le lilense tsa laser, e leng se lumellang taolo e nepahetseng ea mahlaseli a laser, ho bopa mahlakore le ho aroloa ha mahlakore.

Khalase ea mahlo e sebelisoa ho hlahisa likristale tsa laser

4.Optics ea faeba: Likhoele tsa khalase ea optical li sebelisetsoa ho fetisa data ea dijithale libakeng tse telele ka lebelo le phahameng, e leng se nolofalletsang puisano ea mehala, khokahano ea inthanete le phetisetso ea data liindastering tse fapaneng.

5.Li-filter tsa mahlo: Khalase ea optical e sebelisoa ho etsa li-filter bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse kang ho nka lifoto, spectrophotometry le ho lokisa 'mala.

6.Lisebelisoa tsa Optoelectronics: Likhalase tsa mahlos e sebediswa tlhahisong ya di-sensor tsa optical, di-display, disele tsa photovoltaic, le disebediswa tse ding tsa optoelectronic.

Tsena ke mehlala e 'maloa feela ea mefuta e mengata ea lits'ebetso le likarolo tsa khalase ea mahlo. Litšobotsi tsa eona tse ikhethang li etsa hore e be ea bohlokoa libakeng tse ngata tsa indasteri ea mahlo.