Sekema sa Karohano e Nyane se Sebediswang Hangata le Ditshebediso tsa Infrared

一, e sebelisoang hangata karohanong ea infrared

Sekema se seng se sebelisoang haholo sa karohano ea mahlaseli a infrared (IR) se ipapisitse le sebaka sa bolelele ba maqhubu. Sekhahla sa IR ka kakaretso se arotsoe ka libaka tse latelang:

Haufi le infrared (NIR):Sebaka sena se tloha ho li-nanometer tse ka bang 700 (nm) ho isa ho li-micrometer tse 1.4 (μm) ka bolelele ba leqhubu. Mahlaseli a NIR a atisa ho sebelisoa ho lemoha hole, puisanong ea fiber optic ka lebaka la tahlehelo e tlase ea attenuation setsing sa khalase sa SiO2 (silica). Li-intensifiers tsa setšoantšo li na le kutloelo-bohloko sebakeng sena sa spectrum; mehlala e kenyelletsa lisebelisoa tsa pono ea bosiu tse kang likhalase tsa pono ea bosiu. Near-infrared spectroscopy ke ts'ebeliso e 'ngoe e tloaelehileng.

Infrared ea bolelele bo bokhutšoanyane ba maqhubu (SWIR):E boetse e tsejoa e le sebaka sa "shortwave infrared" kapa "SWIR", e atoloha ho tloha ho 1.4 μm ho isa ho 3 μm. Mahlaseli a SWIR a atisa ho sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tsa ho nka litšoantšo, ho lekola le ho hlahloba mahlaseli.

Infrared ea bolelele ba maqhubu a mahareng (MWIR):Sebaka sa MWIR se tloha ho 3 μm ho isa ho 8 μm. Letoto lena le sebediswa kgafetsa ho etsa ditshwantsho tsa mocheso, ho shebana le sesole, le ditsamaisong tsa ho lemoha kgase.

Infrared ea bolelele ba maqhubu a malelele (LWIR):Sebaka sa LWIR se akaretsa maqhubu a maqhubu ho tloha ho 8 μm ho isa ho 15 μm. Hangata se sebelisoa litšoantšong tsa mocheso, lits'ebetsong tsa pono ea bosiu, le litekanyong tsa mocheso tse sa amaneng.

Infrared e hole (FIR):Sebaka sena se namela ho tloha ho hoo e ka bang 15 μm ho isa ho 1 millimeter (mm) ka bolelele ba leqhubu. Mahlasedi a FIR a atisa ho sebediswa bolepi ba dinaledi, ho lemoha hole, le ditshebedisong tse itseng tsa bongaka.

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Setšoantšo sa bolelele ba maqhubu

NIR le SWIR hammoho ka linako tse ling li bitsoa "infrared e bonts'itsoeng", athe MWIR le LVIR ka linako tse ling li bitsoa "infrared ea mocheso".

二、 Lisebelisoa tsa infrared

Pono ea bosiu

Infrared (IR) e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa lisebelisoa tsa pono ea bosiu, e nolofalletsang ho lemoha le ho bona lintho tse libakeng tse nang le khanya e tlase kapa tse lefifi. Lisebelisoa tsa setso tsa pono ea bosiu tse matlafatsang setšoantšo, tse kang likhalase tsa pono ea bosiu kapa li-monocular, li matlafatsa leseli le fumanehang, ho kenyeletsoa le mahlaseli afe kapa afe a IR a teng. Lisebelisoa tsena li sebelisa photocathode ho fetola li-photon tse kenang, ho kenyeletsoa le li-photon tsa IR, hore e be li-electron. Ebe li-electron lia potlakisoa le ho holisoa ho etsa setšoantšo se bonahalang. Mabone a infrared, a ntšang leseli la IR, hangata a kopanngoa le lisebelisoa tsena ho ntlafatsa ponahalo lefifing le felletseng kapa maemong a khanya e tlase moo mahlaseli a IR a sa lekaneng.

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Tikoloho e nang le khanya e tlase

Thermografi

Mahlaseli a infrared a ka sebelisoa ho fumana mocheso oa lintho hole (haeba ho tsebahala hore na emissivity e kae). Sena se bitsoa thermography, kapa tabeng ea lintho tse chesang haholo ho NIR kapa tse bonahalang e bitsoa pyrometry. Thermography (thermal imaging) e sebelisoa haholo-holo lits'ebetsong tsa sesole le tsa indasteri empa theknoloji ena e fihla 'marakeng oa sechaba ka mokhoa oa lik'hamera tsa infrared likoloing ka lebaka la litšenyehelo tse fokotsehileng haholo tsa tlhahiso.

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Lisebelisoa tsa ho nka litšoantšo tsa mocheso

Mahlaseli a infrared a ka sebelisoa ho fumana mocheso oa lintho hole (haeba ho tsebahala hore na emissivity e kae). Sena se bitsoa thermography, kapa tabeng ea lintho tse chesang haholo ho NIR kapa tse bonahalang e bitsoa pyrometry. Thermography (thermal imaging) e sebelisoa haholo-holo lits'ebetsong tsa sesole le tsa indasteri empa theknoloji ena e fihla 'marakeng oa sechaba ka mokhoa oa lik'hamera tsa infrared likoloing ka lebaka la litšenyehelo tse fokotsehileng haholo tsa tlhahiso.

Lik'hamera tsa thermographic li lemoha mahlaseli a fapaneng a infrared a spectrum ea electromagnetic (hoo e ka bang li-nanometer tse 9,000–14,000 kapa 9–14 μm) 'me li hlahisa litšoantšo tsa mahlaseli ao. Kaha mahlaseli a infrared a ntšoa ke lintho tsohle ho latela mocheso oa tsona, ho latela molao oa mahlaseli a 'mele o motšo, thermography e etsa hore ho khonehe ho "bona" ​​tikoloho ea motho ka khanya e bonahalang kapa ntle le eona. Bongata ba mahlaseli a ntšoang ke ntho boa eketseha ka mocheso, ka hona thermography e lumella motho ho bona liphetoho mochesong.

Setšoantšo sa Hyperspectral

Setšoantšo sa hyperspectral ke "setšoantšo" se nang le spectrum e tsoelang pele ka har'a mefuta e mengata ea spectral ho pixel ka 'ngoe. Setšoantšo sa hyperspectral se ntse se eketseha bohlokoa lefapheng la spectroscopy e sebelisitsoeng haholo-holo libakeng tsa NIR, SWIR, MWIR, le LWIR spectral. Litšebeliso tse tloaelehileng li kenyelletsa litekanyo tsa baeloji, tsa minerali, tsa tšireletso le tsa indasteri.

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Setšoantšo sa hyperspectral

Ho nka ditshwantsho tsa hyperspectral tsa infrared ka mocheso ho ka etswa ka tsela e tshwanang ho sebediswa khamera ya thermographic, ka phapang ya motheo ya hore pixel ka nngwe e na le sephara se felletseng sa LWIR. Ka lebaka leo, ho hlwaya ntho ka dikhemikhale ho ka etswa ntle le tlhoko ya mohlodi wa lesedi wa kantle jwalo ka Letsatsi kapa Kgwedi. Dikhamera tse jwalo hangata di sebediswa bakeng sa ditekanyo tsa jeoloji, tlhokomelo ya kantle le ditshebediso tsa UAV.

Ho futhumatsa

Mahlasedi a infrared (IR) a ka sebediswa e le mohlodi wa ho futhumatsa ka boomo ditshebedisong tse fapaneng. Sena se bakwa haholoholo ke bokgoni ba mahlasedi a infrared ba ho fetisetsa mocheso ka ho toba dinthong kapa dibakeng tse ka ntle le ho futhumatsa moya o potolohileng ka ho lekaneng. Mahlasedi a infrared (IR) a ka sebediswa e le mohlodi wa ho futhumatsa ka boomo ditshebedisong tse fapaneng. Sena se bakwa haholoholo ke bokgoni ba mahlasedi a infrared ba ho fetisetsa mocheso ka ho toba dinthong kapa dibakeng tse ka ntle le ho futhumatsa moya o potolohileng ka ho lekaneng.

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Mohloli oa ho futhumatsa

Mahlaseli a infrared a sebelisoa haholo lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng tsa ho futhumatsa indasteri. Mohlala, tlhahisong, mabone kapa liphanele tsa IR hangata li sebelisoa ho futhumatsa thepa, joalo ka polasetiki, litšepe, kapa lipente, bakeng sa ho phekola, ho omisa, kapa ho etsa. Mahlaseli a IR a ka laoloa le ho tataisoa ka nepo, a lumella ho futhumatsa ka katleho le ka potlako libakeng tse itseng.


Nako ea poso: Phuptjane-19-2023