Optics ea Infrared

Optics ea infrared ke lekala la optics le sebetsanang le ho ithuta le ho laola khanya ea infrared (IR), e leng mahlaseli a motlakase a nang le maqhubu a malelele ho feta khanya e bonahalang. Sekhahla sa infrared se akaretsa maqhubu a bolelele ho tloha ho li-nanometer tse ka bang 700 ho isa ho milimithara e le 'ngoe, 'me se arotsoe ka libaka tse 'maloa tse nyenyane: haufi le infrared (NIR), infrared ea maqhubu a makhutšoane (SWIR), infrared ea maqhubu a mahareng (MWIR), infrared ea maqhubu a malelele (LWIR), le infrared e hole (FIR).

Optics ea infrared e na le lits'ebetso tse ngata masimong a fapaneng, ho kenyeletsoa:

1. Litšoantšo tsa Thermal: Optics ea infrared e sebelisoa haholo lik'hamera le lisebelisoa tsa ho nka litšoantšo tsa mocheso, e re lumellang ho bona le ho lekanya mesi e tsoang linthong le tikolohong. Sena se na le ts'ebeliso ponong ea bosiu, ts'ireletso, tlhahlobo ea indasteri le litšoantšo tsa bongaka.
2. Spectroscopy: Infrared spectroscopy ke mokhoa o sebelisang leseli la infrared ho sekaseka sebopeho sa limolek'hule tsa lintho. Limolek'hule tse fapaneng li monya le ho ntša maqhubu a itseng a infrared, a ka sebelisoang ho khetholla le ho lekanya metsoako lisampoleng. Sena se na le lits'ebetso k'hemistri, baeloji le saense ea thepa.
3. Kutlo ea hole: Li-sensor tsa infrared li sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tsa ho lemoha hole ho bokella tlhahisoleseling mabapi le bokaholimo ba Lefatše le sepakapaka. Sena se bohlokoa haholo tlhokomelong ea tikoloho, ponelopele ea boemo ba leholimo le lithutong tsa jeoloji.
4. Puisano: Puisano ea infrared e sebelisoa litheknolojing tse kang li-remote control tsa infrared, phetiso ea data lipakeng tsa lisebelisoa (mohlala, IrDA), esita le bakeng sa puisano ea waelese ea nako e khuts'oane.
5. Theknoloji ea Laser: Li-laser tsa infrared li na le lits'ebetso mafapheng a kang bongaka (opereishene, tlhahlobo), ts'ebetso ea thepa, puisano le lipatlisiso tsa mahlale.
6. Tšireletso le Tšireletso: Mabone a infrared a bapala karolo ea bohlokoa lits'ebetsong tsa sesole tse kang ho lemoha lipheo, tataiso ea limisaele, le tlhahlobo, hammoho le lits'ebetsong tsa ts'ireletso ea baahi.
7. Bolepi ba linaleli: Litheleskoupo tsa infrared le li-detector li sebelisoa ho shebella lintho tsa leholimo tse ntšang haholo-holo ka har'a spectrum ea infrared, e leng se lumellang litsebi tsa linaleli ho ithuta liketsahalo tse sa bonahaleng leseling le bonahalang.

Optical ea infrared e kenyelletsa moralo, tlhahiso, le ts'ebeliso ea likarolo tsa optical le litsamaiso tse ka laolang khanya ea infrared. Likarolo tsena li kenyelletsa lilense, liipone, li-filter, li-prism, li-beamsplitter le li-detector, tsohle li ntlafalitsoe bakeng sa maqhubu a itseng a infrared a khahlisang. Lisebelisoa tse loketseng optical ea infrared hangata li fapana le tse sebelisoang ho optical e bonahalang, kaha ha se lisebelisoa tsohle tse bonaletsang khanya ea infrared. Lisebelisoa tse tloaelehileng li kenyelletsa germanium, silicon, zinc selenide, le likhalase tse fapaneng tse fetisang infrared.

Ka bokhutšoanyane, optics ea infrared ke tšimo e nang le mefuta e mengata ea lits'ebetso tse sebetsang, ho tloha ho ntlafatseng bokhoni ba rona ba ho bona lefifing ho isa ho hlahlobeng meaho e rarahaneng ea limolek'hule le ho ntšetsa pele lipatlisiso tsa mahlale.