Ke Crystal

"Ge crystal" hangata e bolela kristale e entsoeng ka elemente germanium (Ge), e leng thepa ea semiconductor. Hangata Germanium e sebelisoa tšimong ea infrared optics le photonics ka lebaka la thepa ea eona e ikhethang.

Mona ke lintlha tsa bohlokoa tsa likristale tsa germanium le ts'ebeliso ea tsona:

1. Windows le lilense tsa infrared: Germanium e bonaletsa sebakeng sa infrared sa electromagnetic spectrum, haholo-holo bohareng ba maqhubu le maqhubu a malelele a maqhubu a infrared. Thepa ena e etsa hore e tšoanelehe bakeng sa ho etsa lifensetere le lilense tse sebelisoang lits'ebetsong tsa litšoantšo tse futhumatsang, lik'hamera tsa infrared, le lisebelisoa tse ling tsa optical tse sebetsang ka har'a maqhubu a infrared.
2. Lisebelisoa: Germanium e boetse e sebelisoa e le substrate bakeng sa ho etsa li-detectors tsa infrared, tse kang photodiodes le photoconductors. Li-detectors tsena li ka fetola mahlaseli a infrared hore e be lets'oao la motlakase, e leng se nolofalletsang ho lemoha le ho lekanya khanya ea infrared.
3. Spectroscopy: Likristale tsa Germanium li sebelisoa lisebelisoa tsa infrared spectroscopy. Li ka sebelisoa e le li-beamsplitters, li-prism le lifensetere ho laola le ho hlahloba leseli la infrared bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea lik'hemik'hale le thepa.
4. Laser Optics: Germanium e ka sebelisoa e le lisebelisoa tsa optical ho li-laser tse ling tsa infrared, haholo-holo tse sebetsang sebakeng sa bohareng ba infrared. E ka sebelisoa e le mokhoa oa ho fumana chelete kapa e le karolo ea li-cavities tsa laser.
5. Sebaka le Astronomy: Likristale tsa Germanium li sebelisoa libonela-hōle tsa infrared le liforomo tse shebaneng le sebaka bakeng sa ho ithuta ka lintho tsa leholimo tse ntšang mahlaseli a infrared. Li thusa bafuputsi ho bokella boitsebiso ba bohlokoa bo mabapi le bokahohle bo sa bonahaleng khanyeng e bonahalang.

Likristale tsa Germanium li ka lengoa ho sebelisoa mekhoa e fapaneng, joalo ka mokhoa oa Czochralski (CZ) kapa mokhoa oa Float Zone (FZ). Mekhoa ena e kenyelletsa ho qhibiliha le ho tiisa germanium ka mokhoa o laoloang ho etsa likristale tse le 'ngoe tse nang le thepa e khethehileng.

Ho bohlokoa ho hlokomela hore le ha germanium e na le thepa e ikhethang bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa infrared optics, ts'ebeliso ea eona e lekantsoe ke lintlha tse kang litšenyehelo, ho fumaneha, le mefuta e fokolang ea phetisetso ha e bapisoa le lisebelisoa tse ling tsa infrared tse kang zinc selenide (ZnSe) kapa zinc sulfide (ZnS) . Khetho ea thepa e itšetlehile ka kopo e khethehileng le litlhoko tsa tsamaiso ea optical.