Kristale ea Ge

“Kristale ea Ge” hangata e bolela kristale e entsoeng ka karolo ea germanium (Ge), e leng thepa ea semiconductor. Germanium e atisa ho sebelisoa lefapheng la optics ea infrared le photonics ka lebaka la thepa ea eona e ikhethang.

Mona ke lintlha tse ling tsa bohlokoa tsa likristale tsa germanium le ts'ebeliso ea tsona:

1. Lifensetere le Lilense tse nang le infrared: Germanium e bonaletsa sebakeng sa infrared sa spectrum ea motlakase, haholo-holo libakeng tsa infrared tsa maqhubu a mahareng le maqhubu a malelele. Thepa ena e etsa hore e lokele ho etsa lifensetere le lilense tse sebelisoang lits'ebetsong tsa ho nka litšoantšo tsa mocheso, lik'hamera tsa infrared, le lisebelisoa tse ling tsa optical tse sebetsang maqhubung a infrared.
2. Li-detector: Germanium e boetse e sebelisoa e le substrate bakeng sa ho etsa li-infrared detectors, tse kang li-photodiode le li-photoconductors. Li-detector tsena li ka fetola mahlaseli a infrared hore e be lets'oao la motlakase, e leng se nolofalletsang ho lemoha le ho lekanya khanya ea infrared.
3. Spectroscopy: Likristale tsa Germanium li sebelisoa lisebelisoa tsa infrared spectroscopy. Li ka sebelisoa e le li-beamsplitters, li-prism, le lifensetere ho laola le ho sekaseka leseli la infrared bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea lik'hemik'hale le thepa.
4. Optics ea Laser: Germanium e ka sebelisoa e le thepa ea optical ho li-laser tse ling tsa infrared, haholo-holo tse sebetsang ka har'a mefuta e bohareng ba infrared. E ka sebelisoa e le mokhoa oa ho fumana kapa e le karolo ea likoti tsa laser.
5. Sebaka le Bolepi ba Linaleli: Likristale tsa Germanium li sebelisoa libonela-hōle tsa infrared le libakeng tsa ho shebella tse thehiloeng sebakeng bakeng sa ho ithuta lintho tsa leholimo tse ntšang mahlaseli a infrared. Li thusa bafuputsi ho bokella tlhahisoleseling ea bohlokoa mabapi le bokahohle bo sa bonahaleng leseling le bonahalang.

Likristale tsa Germanium li ka lengoa ho sebelisoa mekhoa e fapaneng, joalo ka mokhoa oa Czochralski (CZ) kapa mokhoa oa Float Zone (FZ). Mekhoa ena e kenyelletsa ho qhibilihisa le ho tiisa germanium ka mokhoa o laoloang ho etsa likristale tse le 'ngoe tse nang le litšobotsi tse itseng.

Ho bohlokoa ho hlokomela hore leha germanium e na le thepa e ikhethang bakeng sa li-infrared optics, ts'ebeliso ea eona e lekanyelitsoe ke lintlha tse kang litšenyehelo, ho fumaneha, le sebaka sa eona sa phetisetso se fokolang ha se bapisoa le lisebelisoa tse ling tsa infrared joalo ka zinc selenide (ZnSe) kapa zinc sulfide (ZnS). Khetho ea thepa e ipapisitse le ts'ebeliso e ikhethileng le litlhoko tsa sistimi ea optical.