Chii chinonzi laser? Nheyo yechizvarwa cheLaser

Laser ndeimwe yezvinhu zvakakosha zvevanhu, inozivikanwa se "mwenje unopenya". Muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva, tinogona kuona zvakasiyana-siyana laser zvikumbiro, senge laser runako, laser weldering, laser humhutu mhondi, zvichingodaro. Nhasi, ngativei nekunzwisisa kwakadzama kwe laser uye nheyo dzisiyo chizvarwa chavo.

Chii chinonzi laser?

Laser ndiyo mwenje inovhenekera iyo inoshandisa laser kuti igadzire danda rakakosha rechiedza. Mabhasiketi anogadzira lospole mwenje nekuisa simba kubva kune ekunze kwechiedza sosi kana simba sosi mune iyo mamiriro acho kuburikidza nemaitiro ekuita radiation radiation.

Iyo laser ndeyekuti chishandiso chakabatanidzwa cheiyo inoshanda yepakati (yakadai segesi, yakasimba, kana mvura) iyo inogona kukwirisa mwenje uye inowedzera chirevo. Iyo inoshanda yepakati mune laser inowanzo kuve yakasarudzwa uye yakagadziriswa zvinhu, uye maitiro ayo anoratidza iyo yekuburitsa wavelength ye laser.

Chiedza chinogadzirwa ne lasers chine maitiro akasarudzika akasiyana:

Chekutanga, lasers ndeye monochromatic mwenje neyemhando dzakanyanyisa uye wavelengths, iyo inogona kusangana nezvimwe zvakakosha zvekushandisa.

Kechipiri, Laser ane chiedza chechiedza, uye chikamu chemafungu echiedza chinoenderana kwazvo, chinogona kuramba chichiwedzera kuwanda kwechiedza pane marefu marefu.

Yetatu, lasers inonyanya kujeka ine matanda akamanikana kwazvo uye kutarisa kwakanaka kwazvo, izvo zvinogona kushandiswa kuzadzisa high spatial resolution.

Laser ndeye Chiedza Tsime

Nheyo yechizvarwa cheLaser

Chizvarwa cheLaser chinosanganisira nzira nhatu dzekutanga dzemuviri: radiwa radiation, zvinyoronyoro, uye zvakakurudzira kutumira.

Sradiation yakaoma

Radiwe radiation ndiyo kiyi yeLaser chizvarwa. Kana elektroni pane yakakwira simba resimba inofara neye imwe Photon, inoburitsa Photon ine simba rakafanana, frequency, chikamu, kutungamira kwenzira, uye kutungamira kwenzira munzira yeiyo Photon. Maitiro aya anonzi akakurudzirwa radiation. Ndokureva kuti, Photon inogona "Clone" iyo Photon yakafanana kuburikidza nemaitiro ekupazwa radiation radiation, nekudaro achizadzisa kukwirira kwechiedza.

SPontioous emission

Kana atomu, ion, kana ma molecule elecruce emagetsi ekushandura kubva kune yakakwirira simba chikamu kune yakaderera simba mwero, inoburitsa mapikicha eimwe huwandu hwesimba, iyo inonzi yakazotumirwa. Kubuda kweVamiririri vakadaro hakuna mwero, uye hapana kuwirirana pakati pevakagadzirwa mafoto, zvinoreva chikamu chavo, polarization nyika, uye kutungamira kwenhema kune zvese zvakasarudzika.

Skutyamadzwa kwekunyudzwa

Kana elektroni paLower Energy Level inobata Photon neSimba Resimba Resiyano rakaenzana nearo, rinogona kufara kune yakakwirira simba. Iyi process inonzi yakakurudzirwa kunyudza.

Mune lasers, chigaro chengarava chinoumbwa nemamoni maviri akaenzana anowanzoshandiswa kusimudzira maitiro akasimudzwa radiation. Imwe girazi igirazi rakakwana ratidziro, uye imwe girazi chiratidzo cheSemi chirevo, chinogona kubvumira chikamu che laser kuti ipfuure.

Iwo mafoto ari muLaser Evha inoratidzirana kumashure uye ari pakati pemasikati miviri, uye kuratidzwa kwega kwega kunobereka pikicha yakadzama kuburikidza neyekukurudzirwa radiation process, nekudaro achiratidza kukwidziridzwa kwechiedza. Kana kukura kwechiedza kuchisimba kune imwe nhanho, laser inogadzirwa kuburikidza neSemi inoratidza girazi.