Kuvandudzwa uye kushandiswa kweoptics kwakabatsira mushonga wemazuva ano uye sainzi yehupenyu kupinda mudanho rekukurumidza kusimudzira, sekuvhiya kushoma, laser therapy, chirwere chekuongorora, biological research, DNA kuongororwa, nezvimwe.

Kuvhiya uye Pharmacokinetics

Basa re optics mukuvhiya uye pharmacokinetics rinonyanya kuratidzwa muzvikamu zviviri: laser uye in vivo kuvhenekera uye imaging.

1. Kushandiswa kwelaser sesimba sosi

Pfungwa yelaser therapy yakaunzwa mukuvhiyiwa kweziso muma1960s. Pakazivikanwa mhando dzakasiyana dzemalaser uye zvimiro zvavo, laser therapy yakakurumidza kuwedzerwa kune mamwe minda.

Yakasiyana laser light sources (gasi, yakasimba, nezvimwewo) inogona kuburitsa pulsed lasers (Pulsed Lasers) uye inoenderera mberi lasers (Inoenderera mberi wave), ine mhedzisiro dzakasiyana pamatishu akasiyana emuviri wemunhu. Aya mwenje masosi anonyanya kusanganisira: pulsed ruby ​​​​laser (Pulsed ruby ​​​​laser); inoenderera argon ion laser (CW argon ion laser); inoenderera kabhoni dhaidhirosi laser (CW CO2); yttrium aluminium garnet (Nd:YAG) laser. Nekuti inoenderera kabhoni dioxide laser uye yttrium aluminium garnet laser ine ropa coagulation mhedzisiro kana ichicheka nyama yemunhu, ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa mukuvhiya kwakawanda.

Iyo wavelength yema lasers anoshandiswa mukurapa kazhinji yakakura kupfuura 100 nm. Kutorwa kwema lasers eakasiyana wavelengths mumatishu akasiyana emuviri wemunhu kunoshandiswa kuwedzera mashandisirwo ayo ekurapa. Semuenzaniso, kana wavelength yelaser yakakura kupfuura 1um, mvura ndiyo inonyanya kunwa. Lasers haingogone kuburitsa zvinopisa mukunyudzwa kwematishu emunhu ekuvhiya kucheka uye coagulation, asi zvakare kuburitsa mashandiro emagetsi.

Kunyanya mushure mekunge vanhu vawana iyo nonlinear mechanical mhedzisiro ye lasers, senge chizvarwa che cavitation bubbles uye mafungu ekumanikidza, lasers akaiswa kune photodisruption maitiro, akadai sekuvhiyiwa kwecataract uye itsvo dombo rekupwanya kemikari kuvhiyiwa. Lasers inogona zvakare kugadzira photochemical mhedzisiro kutungamira kenza mishonga ine photosensitive mediators kuburitsa zvinodhaka mhedzisiro pane dzakati matishu nzvimbo, senge PDT kurapwa. Laser yakasanganiswa ne pharmacokinetics inoita basa rakakosha mumunda wemishonga chaiyo.

2. Kushandiswa kwechiedza sechombo chekuvhenekera mu vivo nekufungidzira

Kubva kuma1990, CCD (Charge-CoupledMudziyo) kamera yakaunzwa mukuvhiya kushoma (Minimally Invasive Therapy, MIT), uye optics yaive neshanduko yemhando mukuvhiya maapplication. Mamiriro ekufungidzira echiedza mukuvhiya kusingaite uye kwakavhurika kunonyanya kusanganisira endoscopes, micro-imaging system, uye yekuvhiya holographic imaging.

FlexibleEndoscope, kusanganisira gastroenteroscope, duodenoscope, colonoscope, angioscope, nezvimwewo.

Iyo optical nzira ye endoscope

Iyo optical nzira ye endoscope inosanganisira maviri akazvimirira uye akarongeka masisitimu ekuvhenekesa uye kufungidzira.

RigidEndoscope, kusanganisira arthroscopy, laparoscopy, thoracoscopy, ventriculoscopy, hysteroscopy, cystoscopy, otolinoscopy, nezvimwewo.

Rigid endoscopes kazhinji anongove akati wandei akaiswa optical nzira angles yekusarudza kubva, senge 30 madhigirii, 45 madhigirii, 60 madhigirii, nezvimwe.

Kamera diki yemuviri kamera chishandiso chekufungidzira chakavakirwa pane diki CMOS uye CCD tekinoroji chikuva. Somuenzaniso, capsule endoscope.PillCam. Inogona kupinda mukati mekudya kwemuviri wemunhu kutarisa maronda uye kutarisa mhedzisiro yemishonga.

Iyo capsule endoscope

Kuvhiya holographic maikorosikopu, mudziyo wekufungidzira unoshandiswa kuona mifananidzo ye3D yetishu yakanaka mukuvhiya chaiko, senge neurosurgery yecraniotomy.

Iyo yekuvhiya holographic maikorosikopu

Pfupiso:

1. Nekuda kweiyo thermal effect, mechanical effect, photosensitivity effect uye zvimwe zvipenyu zvinokonzerwa nelaser, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya sesimba rinoshandiswa mukuvhiyiwa kuduku, kusagadziriswa kwemishonga uye kurapa zvinodhaka zvakanangwa.

2. Nekuda kwekuvandudzwa kwehunyanzvi hwekufungidzira, michina yekurapa yekufungidzira yakafambira mberi zvakanyanya munzira yekugadziriswa kwepamusoro uye miniaturization, ichiisa hwaro hwekuvhiya zvishoma uye kwakanyatso kuvhiyiwa mu vivo. Parizvino, iyo inonyanya kushandiswa yekurapa imaging michina inosanganisiraendoscopes, holographic mifananidzo uye micro-imaging systems.