Ikirahure cya optique ni ubwoko bwihariye bwibikoresho byikirahure, nikimwe mubikoresho byingenzi byingenzi byo gukora ibikoresho bya optique. Ifite ibintu byiza bya optique nibintu byihariye byumubiri nubumara, kandi bigira uruhare runini mubikorwa bitandukanye bya optique.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ikirahure cya optique?

Ikirahuri cyiza gishobora gushyirwa mubwoko butandukanye bushingiye kubikorwa byihariye nibiranga ibintu. Hano hari ubwoko bwinshi bwibirahure bya optique:

1

Ikirahuri cya silikatike ni ubwoko bwibirahure bya optique, kandi ibyingenzi byingenzi ni silikatike, ni dioxyde de silicon, ubusanzwe irimo ibice nka boride oxyde ya boron, oxyde ya sodium, na oxyde ya magnesium.

2. Kurongora ikirahure

Ikirahuri cyitwa gurşide bivuga ikirahuri cya optique gifite igipimo runaka cya okiside ya okiside yongeweho, ifite indangagaciro yo kwangirika nubucucike kandi akenshi ikoreshwa mubikoresho bya optique nka telesikopi na microscopes.

3. Ikirahuri cya Borosilike

Ikirahuri cya Borosilike kongerwamo cyane cyane na boride oxyde, ifite indangagaciro yo kwangirika kandi ikora nabi, kandi ikoreshwa cyane mugukora lens na prism.

Ubwoko bw'ikirahure cya optique

4. Ikirahuri cya Quartz

Ikintu cyingenzi kigize ikirahuri cya quartz nacyo ni dioxyde ya silicon, ifite imiterere myiza ya optique hamwe n’imiti ihamye, kandi ubu ikoreshwa cyane mubikoresho nibikoresho bya optique.

5. Ikirahure cy'isi gake

Ikirahure gike cyane ni ikirahure cya optique cyakozwe mugushyiramo ibintu bidasanzwe byubutaka, bishobora guhindura imiterere ya optique kandi bikoreshwa mugukora inganda zikorana buhanga nka laseri.

Itandukaniro riri hagati yikirahure cya optique nikirahure gisanzwe

Ugereranije nikirahuri gisanzwe, ikirahure cya optique kirarushijeho kunonosorwa kandi cyumwuga mubijyanye nubuziranenge bwibigize, inzira yo gutegura, imikorere ya optique, nibindi bitandukanye.

Ubunini n'uburemere

Ikirahure cya optique mubusanzwe gifite umubyimba muto nuburemere bworoshye, bigatuma bikwiranye no gukora ibikoresho byiza bya optique. Ikirahuri gisanzwe gishobora gukorwa mubyibushye kandi biremereye kubera imirima itandukanye.

Ibigize

Ikirahure cya optique gifite isuku cyane mubigize kandi bigenzurwa neza, mubisanzwe byateguwe ukoresheje imiti yihariye ya chimique nibikoresho fatizo byera cyane kugirango ugere kubintu byateganijwe. Ibigize ibirahuri bisanzwe biroroshye cyane, mubisanzwe bigizwe na silicates nibindi byanduye.

Ibirahuri bisanzwe

Gahunda yo kwitegura

Ikirahure cyiza gisaba inzira zateguwe neza, mubisanzwe ukoresheje inzira nko gushonga ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, kuvura ubushyuhe bwa vacuum, hamwe no gukonjesha neza kugenzurwa kugirango harebwe neza kandi neza imikorere ya optique. Ikirahuri gisanzwe gikoresha uburyo busanzwe bwo gutegura ibirahure, kandi ikiguzi cyo gukora ni gito.

Imikorere myiza

Ikirahuri cya optique gifite ibiranga nkibipimo byo hejuru byoroheje, gutatanya bito, no kwinjiza urumuri rwo hasi, kandi imikorere ya optique ni nziza cyane. Kubwibyo, ikirahure cya optique kirashobora gukoreshwa cyane mubikoresho bya optique nka lens, prism, hamwe na filteri ya optique ya sisitemu nziza ya optique.

Nyamara, ikirahuri gisanzwe gifite imikorere idahwitse kandi gikoreshwa mubisanzwe nkibikoresho bisanzwe nibikoresho byubaka.