1.Niki kigufi Akayunguruzo?

Muyunguruzini ibikoresho bya optique bikoreshwa muguhitamo imirasire yifuzwa. Akayunguruzo kayunguruzo ni ubwoko bwa bande ya filteri yemerera urumuri mumurongo wihariye wumurongo wogukwirakwiza hamwe nurumuri rwinshi, mugihe urumuri mubindi burebure bwumuraba ruzakirwa cyangwa rugaragare, bityo bigerweho gushungura.

Inzira ya bande ya bande yungurura iragufi, mubisanzwe munsi ya 5% yagaciro kangana hagati, kandi irashobora gukoreshwa mubice bitandukanye, nka astronomie, biomedicine, gukurikirana ibidukikije, itumanaho, nibindi.

2.Igikorwa kigufi muyunguruzi

Imikorere ya bande ya bande yungurura ni ugutanga umurongo wa sisitemu ya optique, cyane cyane mubice bikurikira:

(1)Guhitamo urumuri

Itsinda ritomuyunguruziirashobora guhitamo gushungura urumuri mumurongo runaka wuburebure no kugumana urumuri mumurongo wihariye. Ibi nibyingenzi mubisabwa bisaba gutandukanya inkomoko yumucyo wuburebure butandukanye cyangwa bisaba urumuri rwumucyo wuburebure bwihariye kubushakashatsi cyangwa kwitegereza.

(2)Mugabanye urusaku rworoheje

Akayunguruzo gaciriritse gashobora guhagarika urumuri mu burebure butari ngombwa, kugabanya urumuri ruyobya ruturuka ku mucyo cyangwa urumuri rwimbere, kandi rutezimbere itandukaniro ryibishusho.

Gitoya muyunguruzi

(3)Isesengura ryibice

Akayunguruzo kayunguruzo gashobora gukoreshwa mu gusesengura ibintu. Ihuriro ryibice byinshi bigufi byungurura birashobora gukoreshwa muguhitamo urumuri rwumurambararo wihariye no gukora isesengura ryuzuye.

(4)Kugenzura ubukana bwumucyo

Akayunguruzo gaciriritse gashobora kandi gukoreshwa muguhindura urumuri rwumucyo utanga urumuri, kugenzura ubukana bwumucyo uhitamo kohereza cyangwa guhagarika urumuri rwumuraba wihariye.

3.Ihame rya bande ya bande muyunguruzi

Itsinda ritomuyunguruzikoresha intambamyi yumucyo kugirango uhitemo kohereza cyangwa kwerekana urumuri murwego rwihariye rwumurongo. Ihame ryayo rishingiye ku kwivanga no kwinjiza ibiranga urumuri.

Muguhindura itandukaniro ryicyiciro muburyo bwo gutondekanya imiterere ya firime yoroheje, gusa urumuri mumurongo wintego yintera yoherejwe rwatoranijwe, kandi urumuri rwubundi burebure burahagarikwa cyangwa rugaragazwa.

By'umwihariko, bande ya bande muyunguruzi isanzwe ikurikiranwa nibice byinshi bya firime, kandi indangantege yo kugabanuka hamwe nubunini bwa buri cyiciro cya firime byateguwe neza ukurikije ibisabwa.

Mugucunga umubyimba nigipimo cyerekana hagati ya firime yoroheje, itandukaniro ryicyiciro cyumucyo rirashobora guhinduka kugirango ugere ku ngaruka zibangamira intera yihariye.

Iyo urumuri rwibintu rwanyuze muyunguruzo ruciriritse, urumuri rwinshi ruzagaragazwa cyangwa rwinjizwemo, kandi urumuri rwonyine ruri mu ntera yihariye. Ibi ni ukubera ko muburyo buto bwa firime igizwe nuburyo bwamuyunguruzi, urumuri rwumurongo wihariye ruzatanga itandukaniro ryicyiciro, kandi ibintu bivanga bizatera urumuri rwumurongo wihariye wongerewe imbaraga, mugihe urumuri rwuburebure bwumuraba ruzakuraho icyiciro kandi rugaragare cyangwa rwinjizwemo.