1, makina masomphenya dongosolo ndi chiyani?

Makina owonera ndi mtundu waukadaulo womwe umagwiritsa ntchito ma aligorivimu apakompyuta ndi zida zojambulira kuti makina athe kuzindikira ndi kutanthauzira zomwe zimawonekera mofanana ndi momwe anthu amachitira.

Dongosololi lili ndi zigawo zingapo monga makamera, masensa azithunzi, magalasi, kuyatsa, mapurosesa, ndi mapulogalamu. Zigawozi zimagwirira ntchito limodzi kujambula ndi kusanthula deta yowonekera, zomwe zimathandiza makina kupanga zisankho kapena kuchitapo kanthu potengera zomwe zafufuzidwa.

Makina owonera masomphenya

Makina owonera makina amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana monga kupanga, ma robotiki, kuwongolera bwino, kuyang'anira, komanso kujambula zamankhwala. Atha kugwira ntchito monga kuzindikira zinthu, kuzindikira zolakwika, kuyeza, ndi kuzindikira, zomwe zimakhala zovuta kapena zosatheka kuti anthu azichita molondola komanso mosasinthasintha.

2, Zigawo zazikulu zisanu zamakina owonera makina ndi:

• Kujambula kwa hardware: Izi zikuphatikizapo makamera, magalasi, zosefera, ndi makina ounikira, omwe amajambula zithunzi kuchokera ku chinthu kapena malo omwe akuwunikiridwa.
• Pulogalamu yokonza zithunzi:Pulogalamuyi imagwiritsa ntchito zowonera zomwe zimajambulidwa ndi zida zojambulira ndikuchotsamo mfundo zomveka. Pulogalamuyi imagwiritsa ntchito ma aligorivimu monga kuzindikira m'mphepete, kugawa magawo, ndi kuzindikira mawonekedwe kuti asanthule deta.
• Kusanthula zithunzi ndi kutanthauzira: Pulogalamu yokonza zithunzi ikangotulutsa zidziwitso zoyenera, makina owonera makina amagwiritsa ntchito izi kupanga zisankho kapena kuchitapo kanthu potengera ntchitoyo. Izi zikuphatikizapo ntchito monga kuzindikira zolakwika pa chinthu, kuwerengera zinthu, kapena kuwerenga malemba.
• Zolumikizana:Makina owonera makina nthawi zambiri amafunika kulumikizana ndi makina kapena makina ena kuti amalize ntchito. Njira zolumikizirana monga Ethernet, USB, ndi RS232 zimathandiza makinawo kusamutsa deta kuzipangizo zina kapena kulandira malamulo.
• Ikulumikizana ndi machitidwe ena: Makina owonera makina amatha kuphatikizidwa ndi makina ena monga maloboti, zotengera, kapena nkhokwe kuti apange yankho lathunthu. Kuphatikiza uku kutha kupezedwa kudzera pamapulogalamu olumikizirana ndi mapulogalamu kapena ma programmable logic controllers (PLCs).

3,Ndi mandala ati omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina owonera makina?

Makina owonera makina nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito magalasi opangidwira mafakitale kapena asayansi. Magalasiwa amakonzedwa kuti akhale abwino, akuthwa, ndi kusiyanitsa, ndipo amapangidwa kuti athe kupirira malo ovuta komanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi.

Pali mitundu ingapo ya magalasi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina owonera makina, kuphatikiza:

• Ma lens okhazikika kutalika: Ma lens awa ali ndi utali wokhazikika wokhazikika ndipo sangathe kusinthidwa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mtunda wa chinthu ndi kukula kwake kumakhala kosasintha.
•  Zoom ma lens: Ma lens awa amatha kusintha kutalika kwa mawonekedwe, kulola wogwiritsa ntchito kusintha kukula kwa chithunzicho. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo omwe kukula kwa chinthu ndi mtunda zimasiyana.
• Magalasi a telecentric: Magalasi awa amakhala ndi kukula kosalekeza mosasamala kanthu za mtunda wa chinthu, kuwapangitsa kukhala abwino kuyeza kapena kuyang'ana zinthu molondola kwambiri.
• Ma lens akutali: Ma lens awa ali ndi gawo lalikulu lowonera kuposa ma lens wamba, kuwapangitsa kukhala abwino kwa ntchito pomwe malo okulirapo amafunikira kujambulidwa.
• Magalasi a macro: Magalasi awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pojambula pafupi ndi zinthu zazing'ono kapena zambiri.

Kusankhidwa kwa mandala kumatengera kagwiritsidwe ntchito kake komanso mtundu womwe mukufuna, kukonza, ndi kukulitsa.

4,Bwanjitokusankha mandala kwa makina masomphenya kamera?

Kusankha mandala oyenera a kamera yowonera makina ndikofunikira kuti muwonetsetse kuti chithunzithunzi chili chabwino kwambiri komanso cholondola pakugwiritsa ntchito kwanu. Nazi zina zomwe muyenera kuziganizira posankha lens:

• Kukula kwa sensor yazithunzi: Magalasi omwe mumasankha ayenera kukhala ogwirizana ndi kukula kwa sensa yazithunzi mu kamera yanu. Kugwiritsa ntchito mandala omwe sanakwaniritsidwe kukula kwa sensa ya chithunzi kumatha kubweretsa zithunzi zopotoka kapena zosawoneka bwino.
• Munda wamawonedwe: Lens iyenera kukupatsani gawo lomwe mukufuna kuti mugwiritse ntchito. Ngati mukufuna malo okulirapo kuti mugwire, lens yotakata ingafunike.

Mawonekedwe a lens ya kamera

• Mtunda wogwira ntchito: Mtunda pakati pa mandala ndi chinthu chomwe chikujambulidwa umatchedwa mtunda wogwirira ntchito. Kutengera ndikugwiritsa ntchito, mandala okhala ndi mtunda waufupi kapena wautali wogwirira ntchito angafunike.

Mtunda wogwira ntchito

• Kukulitsa: Kukula kwa mandala kumatsimikizira kukula kwa chinthucho pachithunzichi. Kukulitsa kofunikira kudzadalira kukula ndi tsatanetsatane wa chinthu chomwe chikujambulidwa.
• Kuzama kwa munda: Kuzama kwa gawo ndi kutalika kwa mtunda womwe umayang'ana pachithunzichi. Kutengera ndikugwiritsa ntchito, gawo lokulirapo kapena locheperako lingakhale lofunikira.

Kuya kwa munda

• Zowunikira: Lens iyenera kukonzedwa kuti igwirizane ndi kuyatsa komwe mukugwiritsa ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mukugwira ntchito yocheperako, lens yokhala ndi pobowo yokulirapo ingafunike.
• Zinthu zachilengedwe: Lens iyenera kupirira zinthu zachilengedwe zomwe mukuzigwiritsa ntchito, monga kutentha, chinyezi, ndi kugwedezeka.

Kuganizira izi kungakuthandizeni kusankha mandala oyenera a kamera yanu yowonera makina ndikuwonetsetsa kuti chithunzicho chili chabwino kwambiri komanso cholondola pakugwiritsa ntchito.