一、Kodi makamera akuwuluka nthawi yanji?

Makamera a Time-of-Flight (ToF) ndi mtundu waukadaulo wozindikira mozama womwe umayesa mtunda wapakati pa kamera ndi zinthu zomwe zili pamalopo pogwiritsa ntchito nthawi yomwe kuwala kumayenda kupita kuzinthuzo ndikubwerera ku kamera. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazinthu zosiyanasiyana monga zenizeni zenizeni, ma robotiki, kusanthula kwa 3D, kuzindikira ndi manja, ndi zina zambiri.

Makamera a ToFgwirani ntchito potulutsa siginecha ya kuwala, nthawi zambiri kuwala kwa infrared, ndi kuyeza nthawi yomwe zimatengera kuti siginiyi ibwererenso ikagunda zinthu zomwe zili pamalopo. Muyezo wa nthawiyi umagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwerengera mtunda wa zinthuzo, kupanga mapu akuya kapena chiwonetsero cha 3D cha zochitikazo.

Nthawi ya makamera othawa

Poyerekeza ndi matekinoloje ena ozindikira mozama ngati kuwala kokhazikika kapena masomphenya a stereo, makamera a ToF amapereka maubwino angapo. Amapereka chidziwitso chakuzama kwenikweni, amakhala ndi mawonekedwe osavuta, ndipo amatha kugwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana zowunikira. Makamera a ToF nawonso ndi ophatikizika ndipo amatha kuphatikizidwa muzida zing'onozing'ono monga mafoni a m'manja, mapiritsi, ndi zida zovala.

Kugwiritsa ntchito makamera a ToF ndi osiyanasiyana. Zowona zenizeni, makamera a ToF amatha kuzindikira kuya kwa zinthu ndikuwongolera zenizeni za zinthu zomwe zimayikidwa mudziko lenileni. Mu ma robotiki, amathandizira maloboti kuti azitha kuzindikira zomwe azungulira ndikuwongolera zopinga bwino. Pakusanthula kwa 3D, makamera a ToF amatha kujambula mwachangu ma geometry azinthu kapena malo pazolinga zosiyanasiyana monga zenizeni zenizeni, masewera, kapena kusindikiza kwa 3D. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga ma biometric, monga kuzindikira nkhope kapena kuzindikira ndi manja.

二,Zigawo za nthawi ya makamera othawa

Makamera a nthawi yaulendo (ToF).Zimakhala ndi zigawo zingapo zofunika zomwe zimagwirira ntchito limodzi kuti zitheke kuzindikira mwakuya ndi kuyeza mtunda. Zigawo zenizeni zimatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera kapangidwe kake ndi wopanga, koma nazi zinthu zofunika zomwe zimapezeka mumakamera a ToF:

Gwero Lowala:

Makamera a ToF amagwiritsa ntchito gwero lowunikira kuti atulutse siginecha yowunikira, nthawi zambiri ngati kuwala kwa infrared (IR). Gwero la kuwala likhoza kukhala LED (Light-Emitting Diode) kapena laser diode, kutengera kapangidwe ka kamera. Kuwala komwe kumatulutsa kumapita kuzinthu zomwe zili pamalopo.

Zowonera:

Lens imasonkhanitsa kuwala kowonekera ndikujambula chilengedwe pa sensa ya zithunzi (gulu la ndege). Fyuluta ya optical band-pass imangodutsa kuwala kokhala ndi utali wofanana ndi wagawo lounikira. Izi zimathandiza kupondereza kuwala kosayenera komanso kuchepetsa phokoso.

Sensa yazithunzi:

Uwu ndiye mtima wa kamera ya TOF. Pixel iliyonse imayesa nthawi yomwe kuwala kwatenga kuchoka pa chowunikira (laser kapena LED) kupita ku chinthucho ndikubwerera kumalo ozungulira ndege.

Nthawi Yozungulira:

Kuti muyeze nthawi yonyamuka molondola, kamera imafunika kuzungulira nthawi yolondola. Dera limeneli limayang'anira kutuluka kwa chizindikiro cha kuwala ndi kuzindikira nthawi yomwe kuwala kumatenga kupita ku zinthuzo ndi kubwerera ku kamera. Imagwirizanitsa njira zotulutsa ndi kuzindikira kuti zitsimikizire miyeso yolondola ya mtunda.

Kusinthasintha:

EnaMakamera a ToFphatikizani njira zosinthira kuwongolera kulondola komanso kulimba kwa miyeso ya mtunda. Makamera awa amasinthira siginecha yowunikira ndi njira inayake kapena pafupipafupi. Kusinthaku kumathandizira kusiyanitsa kuwala komwe kumachokera kuzinthu zina zowunikira komanso kumathandizira kuti kamera ikhale ndi luso losiyanitsa zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zikuchitika.

Kuzama Kuwerengera Algorithm:

Kuti asinthe miyeso ya nthawi yonyamuka kukhala chidziwitso chakuya, makamera a ToF amagwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono. Ma algorithms awa amasanthula nthawi yomwe idalandilidwa kuchokera ku Photodetector ndikuwerengera mtunda pakati pa kamera ndi zinthu zomwe zili pachiwonetsero. Mawerengedwe akuya a ma algorithms nthawi zambiri amaphatikiza kubweza zinthu monga liwiro la kufalikira kwa kuwala, nthawi yoyankha ma sensor, ndi kusokoneza kwa kuwala kozungulira.

Zotulutsa Zakuya:

Kuwerengera kozama kukachitika, kamera ya ToF imapereka kutulutsa kwakuya kwa data. Kutulutsa uku kumatha kukhala ngati mapu akuya, mtambo wama point, kapena chiwonetsero cha 3D cha zochitikazo. Deta yakuya imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mapulogalamu ndi makina kuti azitha kugwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana monga kutsatira zinthu, zenizeni zenizeni, kapena kuyenda kwa robotiki.

Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti kukhazikitsidwa kwapadera ndi zigawo za makamera a ToF zimatha kusiyana pakati pa opanga ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo kumatha kuyambitsa zina ndi zowongolera kuti ziwongolere magwiridwe antchito ndi kuthekera kwamakamera a ToF.

三, Mapulogalamu

Ntchito zamagalimoto

Makamera a nthawi ya ndegeamagwiritsidwa ntchito pothandizira komanso chitetezo pamagalimoto apamwamba kwambiri monga chitetezo chaoyenda pansi, kuzindikira zinthu zitachitika ngozi zisanachitike komanso zida zamkati monga kuzindikira zakunja kwa malo (OOP).

Kugwiritsa ntchito makamera a ToF

Kulumikizana ndi makina a anthu ndi masewera

As makamera a nthawi ya ndegeperekani zithunzi zakutali munthawi yeniyeni, ndikosavuta kutsatira mayendedwe a anthu. Izi zimalola kuyanjana kwatsopano ndi zida za ogula monga ma TV. Mutu wina ndikugwiritsa ntchito makamera amtunduwu kuti agwirizane ndi masewera pamasewera apakanema.Sensor ya Kinect ya m'badwo wachiwiri yomwe idaphatikizidwa ndi Xbox One console idagwiritsa ntchito kamera yanthawi yowuluka pamaganizidwe ake osiyanasiyana, kupangitsa kuti ogwiritsa ntchito achilengedwe azilumikizana ndi masewera. mapulogalamu pogwiritsa ntchito masomphenya apakompyuta ndi njira zozindikiritsa manja.

Creative ndi Intel imaperekanso mtundu wofananira wa kamera yolumikizirana nthawi yakuuluka pamasewera, Senz3D yotengera DepthSense 325 kamera ya Softkinetic. Infineon ndi PMD Technologies imathandizira makamera ang'onoang'ono ophatikizidwa a 3D kuti aziwongolera mozungulira zida za ogula monga ma PC ndi ma laputopu onse (makamera a Picco flexx ndi Picco monstar).

Kugwiritsa ntchito makamera a ToF pamasewera

Makamera a Smartphone

Ma Smartphones angapo amaphatikiza makamera anthawi yowuluka. Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kukonza zithunzi popereka pulogalamu ya kamera chidziwitso chakutsogolo ndi chakumbuyo. Foni yoyamba yogwiritsira ntchito luso limeneli inali LG G3, yomwe inatulutsidwa kumayambiriro kwa 2014.

Kugwiritsa ntchito makamera a ToF pama foni am'manja

Kuyeza ndi masomphenya a makina

Ntchito zina ndi ntchito zoyezera, mwachitsanzo, kutalika kwa ma silo. Mu masomphenya a makina a mafakitale, kamera ya nthawi yaulendo imathandiza kuyika ndi kupeza zinthu zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi maloboti, monga zinthu zomwe zimadutsa pa conveyor. Zowongolera zitseko zimatha kusiyanitsa mosavuta pakati pa nyama ndi anthu omwe akufika pakhomo.

Maloboti

Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwina kwa makamera amenewa ndi gawo la maloboti: Maloboti am'manja amatha kupanga mapu a malo omwe ali pafupi kwambiri, zomwe zimawathandiza kupewa zopinga kapena kutsatira munthu wotsogolera. Monga momwe kuwerengera mtunda kuli kosavuta, mphamvu zochepa zowerengera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Popeza makamerawa amathanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeza mtunda, magulu a Mpikisano WOYAMBA wa Robotics amadziwika kuti amagwiritsa ntchito zidazi podziyimira pawokha.

Topography ya dziko lapansi

Makamera a ToFZakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kupeza mitundu yokwezeka ya digito ya Earth's surface topography, pamaphunziro a geomorphology.

Kugwiritsa ntchito makamera a ToF mu geomorphology