Samfura | Nau'in | Φ(mm) | f (mm) | R1 (mm) | tc (mm) | da (mm) | fb (mm) | Tufafi | Farashin naúrar | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9033A00007 | Achromatic | 25.4 | 60.0 | 37.33 | 4.3 | 22.251 | 1/4 kalaman MgF2@550nm | Neman Magana | | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9033A00006 | Achromatic | 20.0 | 65.0 | 40.09 | 6.3 | 60.868 | 1/4 kalaman MgF2@550nm | Neman Magana | | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9033A00005 | Achromatic | 12.7 | 25.0 | 15.596 | 7.0 | 22.251 | 1/4 kalaman MgF2@550nm | Neman Magana | | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9033A00004 | Achromatic | 12.0 | 25.0 | 15.346 | 4.2 | 22.286 | 1/4 kalaman MgF2@550nm | Neman Magana | | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9033A00003 | Achromatic | 10.0 | 20.0 | 12.3 | 3.6 | 17.625 | 1/4 kalaman MgF2@550nm | Neman Magana | | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9033A00002 | Achromatic | 8.0 | 25.0 | 15.596 | 2.9 | 23.125 | 1/4 kalaman MgF2@550nm | Neman Magana | | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9033A00001 | Achromatic | 6.0 | 15.0 | 8.831 | 2.71 | 13.066 | 1/4 kalaman MgF2@550nm | Neman Magana | | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9032A00020 | Biyu-Convex | 25.4 | 1000.0 | 1036.23 | 2.2 | 2.0 | 999.3 | Mara rufi | Neman Magana | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9032A00019 | Biyu-Convex | 25.4 | 750.0 | 774.3 | 2.3 | 2.0 | 748.8 | Mara rufi | Neman Magana | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9032A00018 | Biyu-Convex | 25.4 | 500.0 | 517.91 | 2.3 | 2.0 | 499.2 | Mara rufi | Neman Magana | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9032A00017 | Biyu-Convex | 25.4 | 400.0 | 413.8 | 2.4 | 2.0 | 399.0 | Mara rufi | Neman Magana | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9032A00016 | Biyu-Convex | 25.4 | 300.0 | 310.55 | 2.5 | 2.0 | 299.2 | Mara rufi | Neman Magana | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9032A00015 | Biyu-Convex | 25.4 | 250.0 | 258.7 | 2.6 | 2.0 | 249.1 | Mara rufi | Neman Magana | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9032A00014 | Biyu-Convex | 25.4 | 200.0 | 206.84 | 2.8 | 2.0 | 199.0 | Mara rufi | Neman Magana | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9032A00013 | Biyu-Convex | 25.4 | 150.0 | 154.97 | 3.0 | 2.0 | 149.0 | Mara rufi | Neman Magana | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9032A00012 | Biyu-Convex | 25.4 | 125.0 | 129.02 | 3.3 | 2.0 | 123.9 | Mara rufi | Neman Magana | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9032A00011 | Biyu-Convex | 25.4 | 100.0 | 103.5 | 3.6 | 2.0 | 98.8 | Mara rufi | Neman Magana | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9032A00010 | Biyu-Convex | 25.4 | 75.0 | 77.04 | 4.1 | 2.0 | 76.3 | Mara rufi | Neman Magana | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9032A00009 | Biyu-Convex | 25.4 | 60.0 | 61.4 | 4.7 | 2.0 | 58.5 | Mara rufi | Neman Magana | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9032A00008 | Biyu-Convex | 25.4 | 50.0 | 50.92 | 5.2 | 2.0 | 48.3 | Mara rufi | Neman Magana | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9032A00007 | Biyu-Convex | 25.4 | 40.0 | 40.4 | 6.1 | 2.0 | 37.9 | Mara rufi | Neman Magana | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9032A00006 | Biyu-Convex | 25.4 | 35.0 | 35.09 | 6.8 | 2.0 | 32.8 | Mara rufi | Neman Magana | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9032A00005 | Biyu-Convex | 25.4 | 25.4 | 24.71 | 9.0 | 2.0 | 22.2 | Mara rufi | Neman Magana | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9032A00004 | Biyu-Convex | 12.7 | 40 | 40.95 | 3.0 | 2.0 | 39 | Mara rufi | Neman Magana | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9032A00003 | Biyu-Convex | 12.7 | 30 | 30.52 | 3.3 | 2.0 | 28.9 | Mara rufi | Neman Magana | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9032A00002 | Biyu-Convex | 12.7 | 25 | 25.28 | 3.6 | 2.0 | 23.8 | Mara rufi | Neman Magana | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9032A00001 | Biyu-Convex | 12.7 | 20 | 20.01 | 4 | 2.0 | 18.6 | Mara rufi | Neman Magana | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9031A00009 | Sau biyu-Concave | 25.4 | -100 | 104 | 2 | 3.6 | - 100.7 | Mara rufi | Neman Magana | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9031A00008 | Sau biyu-Concave | 25.4 | -75 | 78.09 | 2 | 4.1 | -75.7 | Mara rufi | Neman Magana | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9031A00007 | Sau biyu-Concave | 25.4 | -50 | 52.17 | 2 | 5.1 | -50.7 | Mara rufi | Neman Magana | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9031A00006 | Sau biyu-Concave | 25.4 | -35 | 36.62 | 2 | 6.5 | -35.7 | Mara rufi | Neman Magana | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9031A00005 | Sau biyu-Concave | 25.0 | -25 | 26.25 | 2 | 8.6 | -25.7 | Mara rufi | Neman Magana | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9031A00004 | Sau biyu-Concave | 12.7 | -50 | 52.17 | 2 | 2.8 | -50.7 | Mara rufi | Neman Magana | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9031A00003 | Sau biyu-Concave | 12.7 | -40 | 41.8 | 2 | 3.0 | -40.7 | Mara rufi | Neman Magana | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9031A00002 | Sau biyu-Concave | 12.7 | -30 | 31.44 | 2 | 3.3 | -30.7 | Mara rufi | Neman Magana | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9031A00001 | Sau biyu-Concave | 12.7 | -25 | 26.25 | 2 | 3.6 | -25.7 | Mara rufi | Neman Magana | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9030A00010 | Plano-Concave | 25.4 | -100 | 51.83 | 2 | 3.6 | -101.3 | Mara rufi | Neman Magana | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9030A00009 | Plano-Concave | 25.4 | -75 | 38.87 | 2 | 4.1 | -76.3 | Mara rufi | Neman Magana | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9030A00008 | Plano-Concave | 25.4 | -50 | 25.92 | 2 | 5.3 | -51.3 | Mara rufi | Neman Magana | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9030A00007 | Plano-Concave | 25.4 | -35 | 18.14 | 2 | 7.2 | -36.3 | Mara rufi | Neman Magana | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9030A00006 | Plano-Concave | 25.4 | -25 | 12.97 | 2 | 10.9 | -26.3 | Mara rufi | Neman Magana | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9030A00005 | Plano-Concave | 12.7 | -50 | 25.92 | 2 | 2.8 | -51.3 | Mara rufi | Neman Magana | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9030A00004 | Plano-Concave | 12.7 | -30 | 15.55 | 2 | 3.4 | - 31.3 | Mara rufi | Neman Magana | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9030A00003 | Plano-Concave | 12.7 | -25 | 12.96 | 2 | 3.7 | -26.3 | Mara rufi | Neman Magana | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9030A00002 | Plano-Concave | 12.7 | -20 | 10.37 | 2 | 4.1 | -21.3 | Mara rufi | Neman Magana | |
MORE+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9030A00001 | Plano-Concave | 12.7 | -15 | 7.78 | 2 | 5.3 | -16.3 | Mara rufi | Neman Magana | |
Ruwan tabarau na gani abubuwa ne masu kamanni masu lanƙwasa waɗanda zasu iya ja da baya da mayar da hankali haske. Ana amfani da su sosai a cikin tsarin gani daban-daban don sarrafa hasken haske, gyara hangen nesa, haɓaka abubuwa, da ƙirƙirar hotuna. Lenses abubuwa ne masu mahimmanci a cikin kyamarori, telescopes, microscopes, gilashin ido, majigi, da sauran na'urori masu gani da yawa.
Akwai manyan nau'ikan ruwan tabarau guda biyu:
Ruwan tabarau na Convex (ko masu haɗuwa).: Waɗannan ruwan tabarau sun fi kauri a tsakiya fiye da na gefuna, kuma suna haɗuwa daidai da hasken hasken da ke ratsa su zuwa wani wuri mai mahimmanci a gefe na ruwan tabarau. Ana amfani da ruwan tabarau na Convex a cikin gilashin girma, kyamarori, da gilashin ido don gyara hangen nesa.
Ruwan tabarau masu jujjuyawa (ko rarrabuwa).: Waɗannan ruwan tabarau sun fi sirara a tsakiya fiye da gefuna, kuma suna haifar da hasken wuta iri ɗaya da ke wucewa ta cikin su don rarrabuwa kamar suna fitowa ne daga madaidaicin wuri guda ɗaya na ruwan tabarau. Ana yawan amfani da ruwan tabarau mara kyau wajen gyara hangen nesa.
An tsara ruwan tabarau bisa tsayin su, wanda shine nisa daga ruwan tabarau zuwa wurin mai da hankali. Tsawon tsayin daka yana ƙayyade matakin karkatar da haske da sakamakon samuwar hoto.
Wasu mahimman kalmomi masu alaƙa da ruwan tabarau na gani sun haɗa da:
Mahimmin bayani: Wurin da hasken wuta ke haɗuwa ko bayyana yana rarrabuwa bayan wucewa ta cikin ruwan tabarau. Don ruwan tabarau mai ma'ana, shine wurin da hasken da ya dace yana haɗuwa. Ga ruwan tabarau mai ma'ana, shine wurin da haskoki daban-daban ke bayyana suna fitowa.
Tsawon hankali: Nisa tsakanin ruwan tabarau da wurin mai da hankali. Yana da mahimmancin siga wanda ke bayyana ikon ruwan tabarau da girman hoton da aka kafa.
Budewa: Diamita na ruwan tabarau wanda ke ba da damar haske ya wuce. Babban buɗaɗɗen buɗewa yana ba da ƙarin haske don wucewa, yana haifar da hoto mai haske.
Axis na gani: Layin tsakiya yana wucewa ta tsakiyar ruwan tabarau daidai da saman sa.
Ikon ruwan tabarau: An auna a diopters (D), ikon ruwan tabarau yana nuna ikon da zai iya juyar da ruwan tabarau. Ruwan tabarau na Convex suna da iko mai kyau, yayin da ruwan tabarau masu ƙarfi suna da iko mara kyau.
Ruwan tabarau na gani sun kawo sauyi a fagage daban-daban, daga ilmin taurari zuwa kimiyyar likitanci, ta hanyar ba mu damar kallon abubuwa masu nisa, daidaita matsalolin hangen nesa, da yin daidaitaccen hoto da aunawa. Suna ci gaba da taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen haɓaka fasaha da binciken kimiyya.