一, Menene lokacin kyamarar jirgin?

Kyamarorin lokacin tashi (ToF) wani nau'in fasaha ne na fasaha mai zurfi wanda ke auna tazarar da ke tsakanin kyamara da abubuwan da ke wurin ta hanyar amfani da lokacin da haske ke ɗauka don tafiya zuwa abubuwan da komawa zuwa kyamara. Ana amfani da su galibi a aikace-aikace daban-daban kamar haɓakar gaskiya, injiniyoyin mutum-mutumi, duban 3D, ganewar motsi, da ƙari.

ToF kyamaroriaiki ta hanyar fitar da siginar haske, yawanci hasken infrared, da auna lokacin da ake ɗaukar siginar don billa baya bayan buga abubuwa a wurin. Ana amfani da wannan ma'aunin lokacin don ƙididdige nisa zuwa abubuwan, ƙirƙirar taswira mai zurfi ko wakilcin 3D na wurin.

Lokacin kyamarorin jirgin

Idan aka kwatanta da sauran fasaha mai zurfin fahimta kamar ingantaccen haske ko hangen nesa na sitiriyo, kyamarorin ToF suna ba da fa'idodi da yawa. Suna ba da bayanai mai zurfi na ainihi, suna da ƙira mai sauƙi, kuma suna iya aiki a cikin yanayin haske daban-daban. Kyamarar ToF suma karami ne kuma ana iya haɗa su cikin ƙananan na'urori kamar wayoyi, allunan, da na'urori masu sawa.

Aikace-aikacen kyamarori na ToF sun bambanta. A zahirin gaskiya, kyamarorin ToF na iya gano zurfin abubuwa daidai kuma su inganta gaskiyar abubuwan kama-da-wane da aka sanya a cikin duniyar gaske. A cikin injiniyoyin mutum-mutumi, suna ba da damar mutum-mutumi su fahimci kewayen su da kuma kewaya cikas yadda ya kamata. A cikin sikanin 3D, kyamarorin ToF na iya ɗaukar lissafin abubuwa ko mahalli da sauri don dalilai daban-daban kamar gaskiyar kama-da-wane, wasan kwaikwayo, ko bugu na 3D. Hakanan ana amfani da su a aikace-aikacen biometric, kamar tantance fuska ko gane karimcin hannu.

二,Abubuwan lokacin kyamarori na jirgin

Kyamarorin lokacin tashi (ToF).ya ƙunshi maɓalli da yawa waɗanda ke aiki tare don ba da damar zurfin ganewa da auna nisa. Takamaiman abubuwan da aka gyara na iya bambanta dangane da ƙira da masana'anta, amma ga mahimman abubuwan da aka fi samu a tsarin kyamarar ToF:

Tushen Haske:

Kyamarorin ToF suna amfani da tushen haske don fitar da siginar haske, yawanci ta hanyar hasken infrared (IR). Madogarar hasken na iya zama LED (Light-Emitting Diode) ko diode na Laser, ya danganta da ƙirar kyamarar. Hasken da ke fitowa yana tafiya zuwa ga abubuwan da ke wurin.

Na'urorin gani:

Ruwan tabarau yana tattara hasken da ke haskakawa kuma yana ɗaukar hoton yanayin akan firikwensin hoto (tsararrun jirgin sama). Tacewar hanyar wucewa ta gani kawai tana wuce hasken tare da tsawon zango ɗaya da naúrar haskakawa. Wannan yana taimakawa kashe hasken da bai dace ba kuma yana rage hayaniya.

Fitar hoto:

Wannan shine zuciyar kyamarar TOF. Kowane pixel yana auna lokacin da hasken ya ɗauka don tafiya daga naúrar haskakawa (laser ko LED) zuwa abu da komawa zuwa tsararrun jirgin sama.

Zauren Lokaci:

Don auna lokacin tashi daidai, kamara tana buƙatar daidaitaccen kewayawar lokaci. Wannan kewayawa tana sarrafa fitar da siginar hasken kuma tana gano lokacin da hasken ke ɗauka don tafiya zuwa abubuwan da komawa zuwa kamara. Yana aiki tare da fitarwa da hanyoyin ganowa don tabbatar da ingantattun ma'aunin nesa.

Modulation:

WasuToF kyamarorihaɗa dabarun daidaitawa don haɓaka daidaito da ƙarfin ma'aunin nesa. Waɗannan kyamarori suna daidaita siginar haske da aka fitar tare da takamaiman tsari ko mitar. Na'urar daidaitawa tana taimakawa bambance hasken da ke fitowa daga sauran hanyoyin hasken yanayi kuma yana haɓaka ikon kamara don bambance abubuwa daban-daban a wurin.

Algorithm na Zurfin Lissafi:

Don canza ma'aunin lokacin tashi zuwa zurfin bayanai, kyamarorin ToF suna amfani da nagartattun algorithms. Waɗannan algorithms suna nazarin bayanan lokaci da aka karɓa daga mai gano hoto kuma suna ƙididdige nisa tsakanin kamara da abubuwan da ke wurin. Algorithms na lissafin zurfafa sau da yawa sun ƙunshi ramuwa don dalilai kamar saurin yaɗa haske, lokacin amsawar firikwensin, da tsangwama na haske na yanayi.

Fitowar Bayanan Zurfin:

Da zarar an yi lissafin zurfin, kyamarar ToF tana ba da fitar da zurfin bayanai. Wannan fitowar na iya ɗaukar nau'i na taswira mai zurfi, girgije mai ma'ana, ko wakilcin 3D na wurin. Za a iya amfani da zurfin bayanan ta aikace-aikace da tsarin don ba da damar ayyuka daban-daban kamar bin diddigin abu, haɓakar gaskiya, ko kewayawar mutum-mutumi.

Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa takamaiman aiwatarwa da abubuwan haɗin kyamarorin ToF na iya bambanta tsakanin masana'antun da ƙira daban-daban. Ci gaban fasaha na iya gabatar da ƙarin fasali da haɓakawa don haɓaka aiki da iyawar tsarin kyamarar ToF.

三, Aikace-aikace

Aikace-aikacen mota

Kyamarorin lokacin tashiana amfani da su a cikin taimako da ayyukan aminci don ci-gaba na aikace-aikacen mota kamar amincin mai tafiya a ƙasa mai aiki, gano ɓarna da aikace-aikacen cikin gida kamar gano wuri (OOP).

Aikace-aikacen kyamarori na ToF

Mu'amalar injin-dan Adam da wasan kwaikwayo

As kyamarori na lokaci-lokacisamar da hotuna masu nisa a ainihin lokacin, yana da sauƙi don bin diddigin motsin mutane. Wannan yana ba da damar sabbin hulɗa tare da na'urorin masu amfani kamar talabijin. Wani batu kuma shine yin amfani da irin wannan kyamarori don yin hulɗa tare da wasanni akan na'urorin wasan bidiyo.Kinect na ƙarni na biyu wanda aka haɗa shi da Xbox One na'ura wasan bidiyo ya yi amfani da kyamarar lokaci-lokaci don hotunan ta, yana ba da damar mu'amalar mai amfani na halitta da wasan kwaikwayo. aikace-aikace ta amfani da hangen nesa na kwamfuta da dabarun gane motsin motsi.

Ƙirƙirar ƙira da Intel kuma suna ba da irin wannan nau'in kyamarar motsi na lokacin tashi don wasa, Senz3D dangane da kyamarar DepthSense 325 na Softkinetic. Infineon da PMD Technologies suna ba da ƙananan kyamarorin zurfin haɗe-haɗe na 3D don sarrafa nesa-nesa na na'urorin mabukaci kamar kwamfutoci da kwamfyutoci duka-in-daya (Picco flexx da Picco monstar kyamarori).

Aikace-aikacen kyamarori na ToF a cikin wasanni

kyamarori masu wayo

Wayoyin hannu da yawa sun haɗa da kyamarori na lokaci-lokaci. Ana amfani da waɗannan galibi don haɓaka ingancin hotuna ta hanyar samar da software na kyamara tare da bayanai game da gaba da baya. Wayar hannu ta farko da ta fara amfani da irin wannan fasaha ita ce LG G3, wacce aka saki a farkon 2014.

Aikace-aikacen kyamarori na ToF a cikin wayoyin hannu

Aunawa da hangen nesa na inji

Sauran aikace-aikacen ayyuka ne na auna, misali don cika tsayi a silos. A cikin hangen nesa na injin masana'antu, kyamarar lokacin tashi yana taimakawa wajen rarrabawa da gano abubuwan da mutum-mutumin za su yi amfani da su, kamar abubuwan da ke wucewa ta kan mai ɗaukar kaya. Gudanar da ƙofa na iya bambanta sauƙi tsakanin dabbobi da mutane masu isa ƙofar.

Robotics

Wani amfani da waɗannan kyamarori kuma shi ne fannin na’urar mutum-mutumi: Mutum-mutumi na hannu na iya gina taswirar kewaye da su cikin sauri, wanda zai ba su damar guje wa cikas ko kuma bin babban mutum. Kamar yadda lissafin nisa ya kasance mai sauƙi, ƙananan ƙarfin lissafi kawai ake amfani da shi. Tun da ana iya amfani da waɗannan kyamarori don auna nisa, ƙungiyoyi don Gasar Robotics FARKO an san su da amfani da na'urorin don ayyukan yau da kullun.

Tsarin duniya

ToF kyamaroriAn yi amfani da su don samun samfuran haɓaka dijital na yanayin saman duniya, don nazarin ilimin geomorphology.

Aikace-aikacen kyamarori na ToF a cikin geomorphology